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Introduction: For different reasons, urology appears to be one of the least known specialties in medicine. In this study, the main objective was to measure the knowledge about urology in the general population. Methods:A questionnaire was completed by 150 respondents.Seventy-five respondents were from Sherbrooke, QC (a Frenchspeaking city) and 75 were from Burlington, VT (an Englishspeaking city). Results:Of the 150 respondents, 75% (113) said they knew little or nothing about urology and 63% (95) did not know that urology involves surgery. Also, when asked to name 3 diseases within the field of urology, 59% (89) of the respondents were unable to name at least 1 disease. Conclusion:This study demonstrates the lack of knowledge about urology in the general population. As urologists, we have to consider the need to conduct an informational campaign to increase the awareness of urology and the services urologists provide. Résultats : Sur les 150 répondants, 75 % (113) avouaient avoir des connaissances faibles ou nulles dans le domaine de l'urologie et 63 % (95) ignoraient que la chirurgie peut parfois être utilisée comme traitement urologique. En outre, lorsqu'on a demandé aux répondants de nommer 3 maladies traitées par un urologue, 59 % (89) des répondants étaient incapables de nommer seulement une maladie. Can UrolConclusion : L'étude illustre le manque de connaissances de la population générale dans le domaine de l'urologie. En tant qu'urologues, nous devons reconnaître la nécessité de mener une campagne d'information afin de sensibiliser la population au sujet de l'urologie et des services que nous offrons.

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Objective: The objective was to report our experience on the implantation of the Prolift system since 2005. Methods: Fifty-six patients were operated on between July 2005 and August 2008 by 1 surgeon. The patients were implanted with the transvaginal mesh, the Prolift system, for the treatment of recurrent or high-grade (Baden-Walker stage III or IV) multiple compartment pelvic organ prolapse (POP) associated with symptoms. A concomitant anti-incontinence surgery was performed in 38 patients (68%). Results: The population had a mean age of 68 (range 46-88), a body mass index of 27 (range 21-40) and a parity average of 3 (range 1-16). Previous POP repair had been performed in 17 patients (30%) and a hysterectomy in 43 (77%). The operating room time was on average 98 minutes (range 70-135), blood loss 81 mL (range 50-300) and hospital stay 3 days (range 1-10). With a median follow-up of 21 months, we found that the cure rate for POP was 91% (48/53) and the reoperation rate was 8% (4/53). Perioperative complications included 1 rectal laceration and 1 prolonged bleeding. Short-term postoperative complications included 10 episodes of transient urinary retention that required immediate tape release in 4 patients. Long-term complications included 5 POP recurrences, 2 low grade and 3 high grade. Conclusion:The Prolift system appears to be a relatively safe and effective alternative to conventional surgeries for the treatment of recurrent or high-grade multiple compartment POP, because of a high mid-term cure rate and a satisfactory complication profile. However, long-term follow-up is still needed to confirm these results.

Background: Post-radical prostatectomy urinary incontinence (PPI) is a frequent and feared complication that can affect approximately 25% of patients. Between 1 and 10% of patients suffering from PPI will require surgery. The effectiveness of the available surgical interventions has only been compared in a few randomized controlled trials and the available reviews have important limitations regarding both benefits and harms that make them insufficient to inform decision-making. The aim of the study is to provide systematic summaries of benefits and harms of contemporary surgical treatment options for PPI through systematic review and meta-analysis using GRADE methodology and reporting in accord with the PRISMA-P statement. Methods: Studies pertaining to bulking agents, male synthetic slings, compressive balloon systems (ProACT) or artificial urinary sphincters (AUS) used for the treatment of patients suffering from PPI will be included. A systematic search will be conducted using the OVID and PubMED platforms in MEDLINE, Embase and Cochrane databases, and reference lists of relevant reviews and guidelines. Trained independent reviewers will conduct study selection and data extraction. Outcomes will include the number of pads used per day, the 24-h pad weight test, the Patient Global Impression of Improvement (PGI-I) and the Incontinence Quality of Life (IQOL) as possible benefits and the reoperations, the Clavien-Dindo complications and the other reported adverse events as the harms. When possible, pooled analyses will be completed. Risk of bias will be assessed using the CLARITY tools and a new tool for the before-and-after studies without a control group. Finally, study heterogeneity will be assessed, publication bias will be evaluated with funnel plots and quality of evidence rated for each outcome. Discussion: Our study will address patient-important outcomes and will be useful in clinical decision-making as well as identifying key elements for future research. Study registration: PROSPERO: CRD42018073923 05/12/2018

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