The Vietnamese lichen Rimelia clavulifera of the family Parmeliaceae was chemically investigated to isolate fourteen known compounds. The inhibitory activities of the isolated lichen substances against mammalian DNA polymerases and human cancer cell growth were assessed. β‐Collatolic acid exhibited inhibitory activities against mammalian DNA polymerases α, β, and κ with IC50 values 9.8 ± 0.6, 8.8 ± 0.5, 19.5 ± 1.1 μM, respectively and showed cytotoxic effects against the HeLa cell line with an IC50 value of 22.2 ± 2.4 μM.
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