Introduction: Oral fluid cytokine levels can vary considerably during the onset of Inflammatory Periodontitis (IP) especially in people with hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Aim of our study was to evaluate levels of oral cytokines during the onset of IP among HCV, HBV and HIV negative and positive individuals in order to evaluate local immunity state during these infections. Methodology: This was a case control study with 3 groups of virally infected individuals and control group. All had IP including control group. Results: 45 patients (51.7%) had HCV, 18 (20.7%) HBV and 24 (27.6%) HIV. For IL-2 we received significant difference for all groups compared with control -2.83; HBV-31.1 (p < 0.001), HCV-25.99 (p < 0.001) and HIV-24.57 (p < 0.001). For IL-10 significant difference was observed between control -0.94 and HCV-3.63 (p = 0.027), HBV-8.38 (15.51) groups (p < 0.001). IL-4 was significantly higher in control group 14.29 compared to HCV 0.2 (p < 0.001) and HIV 0.21 (p = 0.037) group. The adjusted analysis where we consider age as possible confounder revealed that only IL-2 significantly differs for all groups compared with control group: control vs HCV (p = 0.001); control vs HBV (p = 0.024); control vs HIV (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Evidence for significant differences when comparing oral fluid cytokines of individuals with HCV, HBV and HIV with non-viral individuals was more obvious for IL-2. IL-2 levels were significantly higher in all 3 groups vs non-viral group even when age is confounder.
Introduction: Oral clinical manifestations in HBV HCV and HIV patients indicate a deterioration in general health status. The aim of the study was to assess pathomorphologic features of oral mucosa observed in patients with these diseases. Methodology: The study was conducted in N1 Dental Clinic of YSMU after M. Heratsi. The total number of patients taking part in the research was 120, including HBV (n = 40), HCV (n = 40) and HIV (n = 40). After biopsy and subsequent histological examination of the oral mucosa, statistical analysis was carried out using Excel 2013 and R software. Results: Pathomorphological examination revealed inflammatory infiltrations in all samples collected from HBV, HCV and HIV patients. These changes included microcirculatory disorders in 98.3% of samples: fibrinous-like deposits lining the surface of erosions and ulcers on the oral mucosa (1.67%), fibrosis of the mucous membrane (70%), dystrophy of squamous epithelium (93.3%) and bone sequestration (3.3%). Comparative analysis of pathomorphological characteristics revealed distinct content of infiltrates: lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in patients with HBV and HCV, while HIV patients showed neutrophils infiltration and lack of plasmocytes. Conclusions: There are common abnormal morphological changes in the oral mucosa typical of all patients with HBV, HCV and HIV, as well as liver diseases specific to each of them. Inflammation in the patients with HIV indicated impairment of the humoral immune system. Understanding the distinct characteristic of inflammation in the oral cavity could be useful for early differential diagnosis and management of patients with HIV, HBV and HCV.
Purpose: To evaluate the success of using an operating microscope to remove fractured endodontic istruments from root canal systems Patients and Methods: Removal of the fractured instrument from the curved canals was performed on 61 teeth (2016 to 2022) using ultrasound under the imaging of an operating microscope (Carl Zeiss, Germany). The success of the tool removal methods used were evaluated, the success was determined by the complete removal of the fractured endodontic istruments. Results: Postoperative clinical and radiological monitoring was regularly conducted, and criteria for the success were evaluated. In the present study, using an operating microscope successful at removing fractured rotary nickel titranium segments from narrow and curved root canals in clinical cases. Conclusion: Removing instruments outside of the curvatures when direct vision is not possible can be very difficult.The clinical procedure of endodontic retreatment under the operating microscope allows to deal with highly complex casesand improve the scope of treatment and its prognosis. Key words: Endodontic Treatment; Operating Microscope; Removal of Fractured Instruments
The objective was to reveal the most typical changes in oral mucosa in HCV patients and compare them with those in HCV negative patients. Methods: The study involved 96 HCV patients and 100 patients without HCV who applied to a dental clinic. The content of cytokines IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and ɤ-INF in the oral fluid was determined by ELISA. Buccal mucosa and gums biopsies passed histological examination. An immunohistochemical study of mucous membrane biopsies was performed using monoclonal mouse antibodies to CD3+ and CD20+. Results: The HCV patients group included 96 (63.5% males), and the non-HCV group included 100 subjects (62.0% males) with lesions of the oral mucous membrane. The lesions of lips and oral mucosa were more frequent in HCV than in the non-HCV group—e.g., erosion (13.5% vs. 1%), cracks in the mouth corners (42.7% vs. 0%), changes in the oral mucosa surface (89.6% vs. 3.0%), hemorrhages (78.1% vs. 0%), etc. The pro-inflammatory IL-2 level was higher and anti-inflammatory IL-4 level was lower in HCV patients compared with those in the non-HCV group. Conclusions: Morphological changes developed in the microvasculature both worsen the tissue trophism and accelerate the healing with differentiation into coarse-fibrous connective tissue. Immunohistochemical findings indicated a decrease in local humoral immune response.
Objective: The objective this study is to evaluate the potential of magnetic-lazer therapy as a supportive treatment of peri-implantitis. Materials and Methods: The 34 patients suffering from Peri-Implantitis were selected for this study. The patients randomly divided into two groups; 18 patients first group received surgical conventional treatment,16 patients second group received surgical conventional treatment and magnetic-lazer application. A total of 46 implants were treated with moderate peri-implantitis. Diagnostic parameters used to evaluate peri-implantitis include clinical indicators, Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Bleeding On Probing (BOP), Marginal Bone Level (MBL) suppuration, mobility. Clinical and radiographical parameters were recorded before treatment (baseline) and at 3, 6 and 12, 36 months after therapy. Results: Reduction PPD and BOP was observed in comparison with basic clinical measurements. The mean BOP in 34 patients before treatment of peri-implantitis was 2.5 ± 0.31, after treatment, the first group of patients had mean 0.6 ± 0.1, the second group had mean 0.4 ± 0.12. The mean PPD in patients before treatment of peri-implantitis was 5,2±0,24, after treatment, the first group of patients had mean 3,9±0,28, the second group had mean 3,2±0,17. The mean MBL concomitant bone level gain averaged was 1, 54 mm in first group and 2.35 mm in second group. Stable clinical measurements PPD and BOP were demonstrated during the following 1,3 years. Conclusion: Surgical regenerative treatment combined with magnetic-laser supportive therapy reliable method for treatment peri-implantitis and may be considered an adjunct to the conventional surgical treatments of peri-implantitis
Objectives: Assess the diagnostic value of Bone Metabolism Biomarker Osteocalcin for Monitoring Treatment Chronic moderate Periodontitis. Materials and Methods: 84 patients with chronic moderate periodontitis were participated in this study who received periodontal therapy. All patients underwent a thorough clinical and laborator examination including a determination of the serum osteocalcin content, at the beginning of the study and 1, 3 months after therapy. Results: Healing period occurred without complications, and with minimal postoperative discomfort. The mean BOP before treatment was 2.5 ± 0.31, after 1 month treatment the mean BOP 1.7 ± 0.1, after 3 months treatment the mean BOP 1.3 ± 0.12(p>0.05). The probing depth according to the mean value (PD) was 5.27 ± 0.77 mm at the beginning of the study and, respectively, 4.35 ± 0.73 mm 1 month after therapy and 2.82 ± 0.43 (p> 0.05 ) 3 months after therapy. The mean value of clinical attachment level (CAL) at baseline in the study group was 5.84± 0.79 mm, 1 month after therapy it was was 4.92 ±0.71 mm. and 3 month after therapy it was3,4 ±0,7. Therefore, in periodontitis patients; there was a statistically significant decrease in mean CAL post-operatively (at P < 0.001).The mean value of osteocalcin in serum at baseline was 10.58 ng/ml, 1 month after periodontal therapy it was 14.23 ng/ml, 3 month after periodontal therapy it was was 17.74 ng/ml. As a result, there is a statistically significant increase in mean osteocalcin postoperatively (at P < 0.001).The study results showed that elevated serum osteocalcin concentration in patients with chronic periodontitis after periodontal therapy correlates with PPD and CAL, suggesting that its role could be used as a diagnostic test for patient and to complement other diagnostic tests. Conclusions: The results of study showed that a combination treatment with the use of bone graft materials, hyaluronic acid (Gengigel®) and magnetic laser therapy is an effective therapy for the treatment of periodontal disease.
Background: Purpose of study determine the timing of prosthtic rehabilitation of patients after autograft and dental implantation of the jaw bone using resonance-frequency method (RFA).
Viral hepatitis and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remain a major global public health problem. The microbiota plays a key role in maintaining normal homeostasis, morphogenesis, metabolism and immune system function. The aim of the study was to examine the most frequently detected oral microorganisms in patients with viral hepatitis B, C and HIV-infection. The main study group included 135 patients (I group with hepatitis B virus n=45, II group with hepatitis C virus n=45, III group HIV-infection n=45, IV group control group n=45) with oral mucosal lesions in the age range of 18-67 years. The control group involved 45 patients without hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and HIV-infection with oral mucosal lesions, their age fluctuated from 20 to 69. We have studied the features of the formation of pathological biotopes in the oral cavity of patients with viral hepatitis B, C and HIV. The results of the microbiological examination of the oral cavity showed that the qualitative composition of the microflora did not differ in all main groups studied by us and in the control group. The spectrum of detected microorganisms was represented as pathogenic as well as conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and fungi. The presented data between different types of oral microorganisms will help overcome the limitations of current treatments and identify new targets for the treatment of complex polymicrobial infections. Taking into account the peculiarities of pathological changes and dysbiotic changes in the oral cavity of patients with viral hepatitis B and C and HIV-infection, it is necessary to develop and implement adapted schemes for individual oral hygiene, and the use of local probiotics in parallel with antiviral treatment of major diseases will lead to the correction of oral cavity microbiocenosis, depending on degree of dysbiotic shift.
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