This paper presents a long-reach orthogonal frequency division multiplexing wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network (OFDM WDM-PON), a system capable of delivering 100 Gb/s of data downstream and 2 Gb/s of data upstream on a single wavelength. The optical sources for downstream data and upstream data are a continuous-wave laser at a central office and a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) at each optical network unit.
Poor power quality can cause serious problems causing malfunction, instability, short lifetime, memory loss and data errors of sensitive loads etc. Electric power quality has become an important issue now days. To improve the power quality, sources of disturbances as well as detection techniques must be known. The purpose of this paper is to present different detection techniques for sag, swell, harmonics and make comparison between them. Signal processing techniques are used to extract features from measured data and detect triggering points or transition segment of disturbances.
The image fusion is the process of combining relevant information from two or more images into a single image. The resulting image will be more informative than any of the input images. A new approach for object extraction from high-resolution images is presented in this report. In this paper, we have presented image fusion based on wavelet transform.
It addresses orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission over optical links with high spectral efficiency, i.e. by using high-order quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) schemes as a mapping method prior to the OFDM multicarrier representation. Here we address especially coherent optical OFDM modem in long distance which is affected by nonlinear distortion caused by fiber nonlinearity. Fiber nonlinearity is a majo performance-limiting factor in advanced optical communication systems. We proposed a nonlinear electrical equalization scheme based on the Volterra model. To compare with other popular linear compensation technique such as the least mean square (LMS), simulation results are presented to demonstrate the capability of a Volterra model based electrical equalizer used in a coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system. It is shown that the Volterra model based equalizer can significantly reduce nonlinear distortion.
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