Background-Stent thrombosis (ST) is a rare but devastating complication of coronary stent implantation, occurring in 0.5% to 1.9% of patients with bare metal stents. The incidence of ST with drug-eluting stents is less well studied, particularly among patients outside of clinical trials. Methods and Results-The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and potential risk factors for ST in patients receiving sirolimus-eluting stents (SES) in the "real world" after commercial release in the United States in April 2003. All 652 patients who underwent SES implantation (776 lesions treated) at our institution between April and October 2003 were followed up prospectively after the procedure (median follow-up 100 days). During that period, 7 patients (1.1%, 95% CI 0.4% to 2.2%) developed ST within a range of 2 to 13 days, and 1 patient had an ST-elevation myocardial infarction on day 39 with evidence of thrombus within the SES at angiography. Patients with an ST had significantly smaller final nominal balloon diameters (2.75 versus 3.00 mm, Pϭ0.04), and in 4 (57%) of the 7 patients with ST versus 1.7% of patients without ST (PϽ0.001), antiplatelet therapy had been discontinued after the procedure. Among the ST patients, 1 died and 5 had myocardial infarctions. Conclusions-In this single-center experience, the incidence of ST after SES implantation was Ϸ1%, which is within the expected range of bare metal stents. The discontinuation of antiplatelet therapy was strongly associated with the development of ST in this patient population.

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P eripheral artery disease (PAD) is common, affecting between 8 and 12 million US residents. [1][2][3] Treatment strategies are well defined for aortoiliac vessels, 4 yet the initial success and durability of endovascular therapy in the femoropopliteal artery is limited by the diffuse nature of the disease, presence of calcification, heavy plaque burden, and high prevalence of total occlusion. Furthermore, dynamic forces (compression, torsion, bending, lengthening, Background

In patients undergoing revascularization for lower extremity atherosclerotic disease, catheter-based PE achieves favorable procedural success and avoids the need for repeat revascularization at midterm follow-up. These findings support PE as a primary endovascular therapy for patients undergoing lower extremity arterial revascularization.

The DEFINITIVE LE study demonstrated that DA is a safe and effective treatment modality at 12 months for a diverse patient population with either claudication or CLI. Furthermore, DA was shown to be noninferior for treating PAD in patients with diabetes compared with those without diabetes. (Study of SilverHawk/TurboHawk in Lower Extremity Vessels [DEFINITIVE LE]; NCT00883246).

The interwoven nitinol design stent is a stent that achieves an excellent primary patency but further maintains the durability of the stent through 36 months. Optimal stent deployment remains critical to the performance of this stent device and requires optimal vessel preparation. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Magnesium attenuates AFR increase after an occlusion-reperfusion sequence. To our knowledge this is the first in vivo real-time demonstration of Mg's impact on free radicals.

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