Objective To date, there are no FDA approved medications for treatment of early COVID-19 infection. Recently, use of melatonin, a naturally occurring tryptophan-derivative synthesized in the pineal gland and immune cells, has been suggested as an early treatment option for COVID-19. Melatonin has known anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and protective antioxidant mechanisms that may attenuate the severity of COVID-19 symptoms. The objective of the present narrative review is to discuss the use of melatonin as an early treatment option on the first day of diagnosis for COVID-19. Methods The MeSH terms “COVID-19” and “viral diseases” were manually searched on PubMed and relevant articles were included. Results Results showed that melatonin acts to reduce reactive-oxygen-species mediated damage, cytokine-induced inflammation, and lymphopenia in viral diseases similar to COVID-19. Conclusions These conclusions provide evidence for potential benefits in melatonin use for COVID-19 treatment as early as the day of diagnosis.
Abstract Background: Background: Eosinophils are granulocytes that have a role in allergy and immune defense reactions. They represent a small percentage of circulating WBCs, and marked increases in their numbers can cause significant detrimental effects. Hypereosinophilia can be allergic, inflammatory, infectious, or malignant in origin. Hypereosinophilic syndrome is an uncommon disorder of eosinophils that can cause significant end-organ damage (Chen YY, Khoury P, Ware JM, et al.) Case presentation: A 4-year-old female presented with fever and abdominal pain and was found to have cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy spontaneously resolved and with an incidental finding of hypereosinophilia. The patient had an extensive workup, which was negative for common allergic, infectious, inflammatory, and neoplastic etiologies. She continued to show clinical and laboratory improvement and was discharged with the diagnosis of the idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome after the exclusion of other etiologies. Her follow-up after discharge showed improvement in eosinophil counts, and she is still being monitored. Given the lack of clear etiology and end-organ damage, she meets the definition of hypereosinophilia of undetermined significance. However, a gastroenterology workup is still considered as future symptoms evolve. Conclusion: Hypereosinophilia is a relatively uncommon disorder in the pediatric population that could be asymptomatic and discovered incidentally through laboratory workup; however, if it goes unrecognized, it can cause significant morbidity secondary to end-organ damage. Keywords: absolute eosinophil count, eosinophilia, hypereosinophilic syndrome.
The Coronavirus which is scientifically named COVID-19. Its strain was found in Wuhan, a city of China, at the end of 2019. After that the case of coronavirus started spreading quickly around the world and has turned it into a huge global pandemic. Now coronavirus has made a huge impact on human lives since the last several years where people are losing their lives, people are losing their jobs. It has a devastating effect on human life already. Since this virus has come as a complete surprise to everyone in 2019 there were not so many detection or screening methods or trained healthcare workers for this medical challenge and the virus being airborne was spreading really very rapidly. It has been found that COVID-19 affects the epithelial cells which are present in the respiratory tract of our body, so we can use X-ray images and various artificial intelligence techniques to detect the virus. We have built a Deep Learning model, and trained over 200 COVID-19 positive X-ray images and 202 Normal X-ray images of lungs of people.
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