Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of various routinely used analgesics in the management of pulpal pain preoperatively. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 patients were randomly selected and divided into five groups each. At initial visit, a self-administered questionnaire was given, and patients were asked to mark on the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) indicating severity of pain at that moment which is taken as a pretreatment VAS score. Group I patients received aceclofenac + paracetamol, Group II: ketorolac tromethamine, Group III: lornoxicam + paracetamol, Group IV: tramadol + paracetamol, and Group V: paracetamol. All the patients are requested to record their pain levels at 4 h, 6 h, 8 h, 24 h, and 48 h by means of VAS scores before and after treatment. Results: There was no significant decrease in frequency of pain when compared in the first three groups, whereas in Group III and Group IV, the patients experienced an effective reduction in pain because of sustained releasing ability of these drugs. Overall, there was no statistically significant differences among all the groups. Conclusion: This study suggests that there was no significant difference in reduction of pain preoperatively. However, lornoxicam + paracetamol and tramadol + paracetamol were effective because of their sustained releasing ability. Ketorolac was effective to reduce the pain for shorter duration. Paracetamol can be advised in compromised patients where safety is concerned.
Obesity is a chronic disease with global epidemic spread. The world wide prevalence of obesity is a considerable source of concern given its potential impact on morbidity, mortality and cost of health care. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized obesity as a predisposing factor to measure chronic diseases ranging from cardiovascular diseases to cancer. Once considered a problem only in wealthy countries, WHO estimates overweight and obesity are now dramatically on the rise in low and middle income countries. The disturbing squeals of this increased trajectory of overweight populations are the parallel increases in chronic diseases that are co-morbidities of obesity. Primary health care providers, including dental professionals, are well-positioned to address this public health problem at the patient level. Dental professionals must be aware of the increasing numbers of the obese patients and of the significance of obesity as a multiple risk factor syndrome for oral and overall health. Dental professionals have a crucial role in the prevention and detection of many oral and systemic diseases because of their diagnostic and screening abilities as well as the frequency of patient visits. These invaluable skills and practice paradigms should be considered as part of the equation to solve one of the largest public health concerns of our time: the obesity epidemic. Ultimately, a health condition as prevalent and serious as obesity must be approached by a concerted and collaborative effort of many disciplines and organizations. The dental profession should include itself in this collaboration using the tools and education opportunities available. Although the connection between oral health and obesity is critical to understand, it should not be the sole motivating factor for taking action. Keywords: Body mass index, body weight, body height, adipose tissue, overweight, morbidity, mortality.
Background: In the root canal, the tenacity of microbial infection in either or both the periradicular area is the utmost communal source of endodontic failure. The majority of the gutta percha is removed using hand and rotational equipment. Aim of Study: To determine gutta percha removal by effectively utilizing three rotary instrumentation devices all through the endodontic retreatment. Objective of Study: To determine amongst the three Nickle-Titanium systems which one is significantly effective in retreatment along with comparison of retreatment efficiency using or avoiding the utilization of solvent. Materials and Methods: On 60 newly extracted, single-rooted mandibular premolars, every root canal was sealed using gutta percha and AH Plus sealer utilizing lateral compaction. After that, the samplings were separated into three investigational groups, each with 20 specimens. After that, individual groups were separated into ten specimens. After that, the groups were withdrawn with or without solvent. ProTaper retreatment files, Mtwo retreatment files, and R-Endo files were utilized to eradicate the gutta percha after two weeks. The extent of root canal filling material left in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds was recorded utilizing a stereomicroscope and a computer image processing program. The data was statistically examined using analysis of variance. Result: The ProTaper group exhibited a smaller amount of remnant filling material than the supplementary groups in the coronal and middle thirds; however a significant difference amid ProTaper and Mtwo, and Mtwo and R-Endo in the nonsolvent groups ( P = 0.05) was concluded. In the nonsolvent group, the Mtwo group showed less leftover filling material. Conclusion: The elimination of root canal filling material was found to be equally effective in all systems. However, not a single experimental group could entirely eradicate gutta percha from the root canal.
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