Background: While in the last 5 years several studies have been conducted in Italy on the prevalence of mental disorders in adults, to date no epidemiological study has been targeted on mental disorders in adolescents. Method: A two-phase study was conducted on 3,418 participants using the child behavior checklist/6–18 (CBCL) and the development and well-being assessment (DAWBA), a structured interview with verbatim reports reviewed by clinicians. Results: The prevalence of CBCL caseness and DSM-IV disorders was 9.8% (CI 8.8–10.8%) and 8.2% (CI 4.2–12.3%), respectively. DSM-IV Emotional disorders were more frequently observed (6.5% CI 2.2–10.8%) than externalizing disorders (1.2% CI 0.2–2.3%). In girls, prevalence estimates increased significantly with age; furthermore, living with a single parent, low level of maternal education, and low family income were associated with a higher likelihood of suffering from emotional or behavioral problems. Conclusions: Approximately one in ten adolescents has psychological problems. Teachers and clinicians should focus on boys and girls living with a single parent and/or in disadvantaged socioeconomic conditions

The behavioural characteristics identified in our sample were correlated with some clinical and functional aspects (chronological age, cognitive level and clinical phenotype). The variability of the behavioural profile in CdLS reflected the wide variability in cognitive and adaptive functioning across individuals and led us to conclude that there may be multiple behavioural phenotypes associated with the syndrome. Further comparative studies between CdLS and individuals with intellectual disability or other genetic syndromes may help to provide further understanding of the behavioural phenotype of CdLS.

Background Early application of prolonged prone positioning has been shown to improve patient survival in moderate to severe adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients. Prone position is a key component of lung protective mechanical ventilation in association with low tidal volume and neuromuscular blocking agents in patients with severe ARDS. Pressure sores are the major prone position complication. The rate of complication is lowering with the increase in center expertise. Aims The aim of this study was to examine the onset of pressure sores and other complications caused by the use of prone position in patients having ARDS. Design This is a single-center, retrospective, observational study. Results One hundred seventy patients were enrolled, with a median age of 49 years (interquartile range [IQR], 38-63). Of all participants, 58% (n = 98) survived the intensive care unit recovery. The total prone position maneuvers were 526, with a median of 2 prone position sessions for each patient (IQR, 1-3). The median length of the prone position session was 9 hours (IQR, 7-12). Twenty-three patients developed pressure sores after prone position (14%). The anatomical positions of pressure sores were as follows: face/chin, 5% (n = 8); face/cheekbones, 6% (n = 11); thorax, 2% (n = 3); trochanter, 1% (n = 1); and other sites, 5% (n = 8). Complications were observed in 1% (n = 6) of all pronation maneuvers (vomit, 2%; respiratory device removal, 0.4%). No removal of intravascular catheter was observed. Conclusions The onset rate of complications given by the use of prone position in ARDS patients is similar to data reported by previous literature. The implementation of a dedicated protocol in specialized centers and the involvement of 5 trained and skilled professionals while moving the patient in the prone position are recommended to prevent the occurrence of similar adverse events.