The incidence of PSE (pale, soft and exudative) pork meat is directly infl uenced by pre-slaughter handling of animals, compromising meat quality and resulting in economic losses for industry. Considering management, the main extrinsic stress factors are: the pre-slaughter rest time in lairage, the total fasting time and at farm and the transport time. To evaluate the effects of these factors on PSE meat incidence, pH of 1038 carcasses was measured at 45 minutes post mortem (pH 45) in a pig slaughterhouse in Paraná, Brazil. Carcasses with pH 45 ≤5.8 were classifi ed as PSE, and those with pH 45 >5.8 as normal. In order to verify if the factors infl uence PSE meat appearance, it was divided into categories according to it duration, and according to the number of animals evaluated in each category, the PSE meat frequency was estimated, and which time intervals obtained the lower incidence of the change. The total incidence of PSE carcasses was 19.
A progressive honey bee population decline has been reported worldwide during the last decades, and it could be attributed to several causes, in particular to the presence of pathogens and parasites that can act individually or in synergy. The health status of nine apiaries located in different areas of the Veneto region (northeast of Italy) was assessed for two consecutive years (2020 and 2021) in spring, during the resumption of honey bee activity, for determining the presence of known (Nosema spp., Varroa mite and viruses) and less known or emerging pathogens (Lotmaria passim and Crithidia mellificae) in honey bees. After honey bees sampling from each of the nine apiaries, Nosema apis, Nosema ceranae, L. passim, C. mellificae, ABPV, CBPV, IAPV, KBV, BQCV, SBV, DWV-A, DWV-B and V. destructor were investigated either by microscopic observation or PCR protocols. The viruses BQCV, SBV, CBPV followed by N. ceranae and L. passim were the most prevalent pathogens, and many of the investigated hives, despite asymptomatic, had different degrees of co-infection. This study aimed to highlight, during the resumption of honey bee activity in spring, the prevalence and spreading in the regional territory of different honey bee pathogens, which could alone or synergistically alter the homeostasis of bees colonies. The information gathered would increase our knowledge about the presence of these microorganisms and parasites in the territory and could contribute to improve beekeepers practice.
RESUMO: Doenças transmitidas por alimentos têm grande importância na veiculação de vários microrganismos, podendo apresentar risco à população humana e animal. O presente estudo teve como objetivo analisar a contaminação parasitológica em agriões (Nasturtium officinale, Barbarea verna e Lepidium sativum) comercializados em diversos estabelecimentos na cidade de Curitiba e Região Metropolitana, Paraná. Foram analisadas 50 amostras, submetidas à técnica de lavagem e centrifugação e o método de sedimentação. Dentre as amostras analisadas, 6 apresentaram parasitos sendo eles trofozoítos de Balantidium coli, cisto de Entamoeba coli e parasitos não determinados da Família Strongylidae e Trichuridae; e 14 amostras possuíam contaminantes como larvas, lesmas e caracóis. Os fatores relacionados a essa contaminação parasitológica podem ser decorrentes a falhas na qualidade da água de plantio e irrigação, e armazenagem e distribuição dos vegetais na região. Visto ser um produto consumido in natura, é recomendada a inclusão de procedimentos seguros ao longo de todo o processo para proteger a saúde dos consumidores, já que os vegetais podem ser um veículo transmissor de zoonoses.Palavras-chave: agrião; segurança alimentar; contaminação ambiental; parasitos; zoonose ABSTRACT: Food-borne parasite infections affect communities worldwide by transmitting microorganisms, imposing a serious risk to human and animal health. The aim of this study was to analyze the parasitological contamination in cress (Nasturtium officinale, Barbarea verna e Lepidium sativum) from various establishments in the metropolitan area of Curitiba, State of Parana. We analyzed 50 cress samples using the wash and centrifugation technique and the sedimentation method. Among the samples, 6 presented trophozoites of Balantidium coli, cyst of Entamoeba coli and parasites of Stronylidae and Trichuridae Family and 14 samples were contaminated with maggots, slugs and snails. Factors related to this parasitological contamination may be the failure in the quality of water used for irrigation, and the planting, storage and the distribution of the plants. As these vegetables are mainly eaten in natura, we recommend the inclusion of safety procedures along the entire process to protect the health of consumers, since vegetables can be a zoonosis transmitter vehicle.
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