The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act requires that a food that has been irradiated may not be sold in the United States unless the Department of Health and Human Services finds that the food is safe and issues a regulation specifying safe conditions of irradiation. This presentation briefly outlines the types of information needed to issue an authorizing regulation, describes the conditions under which food may currently be irradiated, and discusses the basis for current regulations.

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I n thispaper we discuss the main aspects of a graphical environment for querying object oriented databases, using the by-example approach. Its full integration in a browsing environment reduces the learning effort and gives the language high flexibility, making it suitable for users with different skill. The query formulation is accomplished by interacting with query forms, where the user can access the properties of objects in order to de@ conditiom on them. The language has been integrated in the User Interface of the KIWIS system, and further enriched with advanced features developed using some facilities of KIWIS. In particular, the user can formulate queries incrementally, and interact uniformally with both default and tailored object representations.

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The initial view of the Information System (IS) community was to consider IS as an “applied” discipline borrowing theories and methods from more mature “reference disciplines”. As ISs shifted from a techno-centric focus to a more balanced view of technology, organizational, management, and social focus, traditional reference disciplines proved to be poor models for emergent goals of IS studies, and the IS field began to pose itself as independent of them. A further shift was advocated in 2002 by Baskerville and Myers who suggested that IS was mature enough to start to create a bidirectional flow of knowledge with other fields. Though this view has been recently challenged by some empirical studies, in this Chapter we contribute to this intellectual discourse through a conceptual analysis of links between the IS and the HCI body of knowledge. In particular we discuss about a possible role of Design Science Research as a cultural and methodological bridge between the two disciplines