Long-term care units are encouraged to review their practices so that employee well-being is supported. Attention also should be focused on unit size, as small units appear better able to help employees cope with work stress, resulting in better quality of life for residents.
The results suggest that restraint use can be reduced by enhancing working conditions so that the nursing staff has possibilities for skill usage and decision-making.
Organisational initiatives should be aimed at reducing time pressures and promoting fair managerial procedures that engage all nursing staff in the decision-making in long-term care settings.
The present study examined whether job resources (job control, social support, and distributive justice) moderate the associations of high job demands induced by physical and mental workload with musculoskeletal symptoms among geriatric nurses. The data were drawn in Finland from 975 female nurses working in 152 geriatric units who responded to a survey questionnaire. Information on the objective workload in terms of resident characteristics and structural factors was also collected at the unit level. After adjusting for the objective workload, multilevel logistic regression analyses showed that self-reported physical workload was associated with higher risk of musculoskeletal symptoms (OR = 1.93, 95 % CI [1.38, 2.72]) among nurses with low social support. In addition, mental workload was associated with higher risk of musculoskeletal symptoms (OR = 1.72, 95% CI [1.12, 2.62]) for those with low distributive justice. The results suggest that social support and fair reward systems may help to buffer against the detrimental effects of heavy job demands on nurses' musculoskeletal symptoms.
We examined the associations between productivity, employer characteristics, and context variables, and the organizational justice perceptions of 330 female employees in long-term institutional elderly people care. The productivity measure used was the proportion of the inpatient days to total costs. Employees working in high productivity units experienced higher procedural justice than those working in low productivity units. Hostile employees experienced both the procedures and management as less fair than non-hostile employees. Unit size and resident turnover were negatively and registered nurses percentage positively associated with procedural justice perceptions.
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