Objective:to examine advanced practice nursing (APN) roles internationally to inform role development in Latin America and the Caribbean to support universal health coverage and universal access to health. Method:we examined literature related to APN roles, their global deployment, and APN effectiveness in relation to universal health coverage and access to health. Results:given evidence of their effectiveness in many countries, APN roles are ideally suited as part of a primary health care workforce strategy in Latin America to enhance universal health coverage and access to health. Brazil, Chile, Colombia, and Mexico are well positioned to build this workforce. Role implementation barriers include lack of role clarity, legislation/regulation, education, funding, and physician resistance. Strong nursing leadership to align APN roles with policy priorities, and to work in partnership with primary care providers and policy makers is needed for successful role implementation. Conclusions:given the diversity of contexts across nations, it is important to systematically assess country and population health needs to introduce the most appropriate complement and mix of APN roles and inform implementation. Successful APN role introduction in Latin America and the Caribbean could provide a roadmap for similar roles in other low/middle income countries.

Objective:to assess the situation of nursing education and to analyze the extent to which baccalaureate level nursing education programs in Latin America and the Caribbean are preparing graduates to contribute to the achievement of Universal Health.Method:quantitative, descriptive/exploratory, cross-sectional study carried out in 25 countries. Results:a total of 246 nursing schools participated in the study. Faculty with doctoral level degrees totaled 31.3%, without Brazil this is reduced to 8.3%. The ratio of clinical experiences in primary health care services to hospital-based services was 0.63, indicating that students receive more clinical experiences in hospital settings. The results suggested a need for improvement in internet access; information technology; accessibility for the disabled; program, faculty and student evaluation; and teaching/learning methods. Conclusion:there is heterogeneity in nursing education in Latin America and the Caribbean. The nursing curricula generally includes the principles and values of Universal Health and primary health care, as well as those principles underpinning transformative education modalities such as critical and complex thinking development, problem-solving, evidence-based clinical decision-making, and lifelong learning. However, there is a need to promote a paradigm shift in nursing education to include more training in primary health care.

In the context of searching for new catalysts for hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of petroleum, in the present work a series of NiMo catalysts supported on SBA-15 materials modified by different metal oxides were prepared and tested in dibenzothiophene HDS. The behavior of the HDS catalysts prepared using SBA-15 supports grafted with alkaline earth metal oxides (MgO, CaO, BaO) is described for the first time and compared to that observed for the supports modified with alumina (Al2O3) or transition metal oxides (TiO2, ZrO2) in order to inquire into the effect of the nature of the metal oxide incorporated in the support on the catalytic activity and selectivity of the NiMo catalysts.

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Resumo Objetivo Determinar um conjunto de competências centrais para a formação do enfermeiro de prática avançada na atenção básica de saúde, na América Latina e no Caribe. Métodos Estudo quantitativo descritivo, com análise qualitativa de dados, realizado em 2017. Participaram 830 enfermeiros da América Latina e do Caribe. Para a coleta de dados, utilizou-se um questionário com sete domínios, dimensões e competências do enfermeiro de prática avançada. A análise dos dados foi realizada por meio de estatística descritiva. Resultados Dos 830 enfermeiros que responderam à pesquisa, 40,7% ocupavam um cargo na área da educação; 41,4% trabalhavam em áreas clínicas e 17,8% ocupavam cargos de direção ou ministeriais. Quanto à escolaridade, 45,7% apresentavam mestrado e 17,3%, doutorado. Das 64 competências avaliadas, 59 foram consideradas centrais para a formação do enfermeiro de prática avançada e cinco como não indispensáveis ou muito relevantes. Conclusão O estudo apresenta um conjunto de competências centrais para o enfermeiro de prática avançada e contribui para a discussão sobre as competências centrais em sua formação na Assistência Primária à Saúde - APS. Quanto maior a escolaridade dos indivíduos, mais marcada foi a tendência de considerar as competências de ética e pesquisa relevantes, enquanto que a competência de prescrever medicamentos foi considerara relevante apenas para participantes cujos países regulamentam o papel de enfermeiros de prática avançada. As competências propostas devem ser consideradas dentro do contexto específico e regulado pela legislação de cada país.

Reaction mechanisms of the two distinct routes, namely hydrogenation (HYD) and direct desulfurization (DDS), of dibenzothiophene (DBT)-type compounds in hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process have been investigated by means of density functional theory (DFT). A series of methyland dimethyl-compounds substituted at different positions in DBT were compared to get a deeper insight into the electronic effects of the alkyl position substitution. The Gibbs energy of reaction for each route and the CAS bond energies were calculated. The calculations showed that HYD route is more exergonic than DDS route. Refractory compounds exhibited less reaction energy values and high CAS bond stability. Full chemical structures in the energetic profile of HYD and DDS routes were identified. We proposed a reaction mechanism for each HDS route based on our theoretical calculations. According to our proposed mechanisms, the HYD reaction route is favored compared to DDS reaction route because energetic barriers are higher on the DDS route. The effect of methyl groups is clearly observed. Refractory compounds have higher activation and lower formation energies. This systematic study trough DFT method provides an important contribution in the field of HDS because the proposed mechanisms are related with some experimental observations.

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Objective. This work sought to evaluate the effect of an educational intervention centered on the analysis of clinical cases to inquire on conceptual learning in students on the theme of nursing care of women with complicated puerperium. Methodology. This was a quasi-experimental study with before and after evaluation. Two groups of students participated from the eighth semester of the nursing program, which professionalized individuals who were already nursing technicians: the study group (n = 33) was taught the theme of nursing care to women with complicated puerperium with the case analysis technique and the control group (n = 27) received traditional teaching. A self-applied question here was used related to the thematic unit, which included three clinical cases and the resolution of a total of 37 questions related to set cases. This questionnaire was the same applied before and after the intervention. Results. The pre-intervention mean score was similar in both groups (26 during the study and 27 during the intervention). Upon completing the educational intervention, the post-intervention scores were equal in both groups (27 points). The intra-group analysis showed that in the study group the intervention produced a slight change in conceptual learning, which was statistically significant. During the post-hoc analysis differences in scores were found in students who worked in hospitals with tier three level of care. Conclusion. Educational intervention favored conceptual learning slightly in the study group. It is necessary to explore other intervening variables that propitiate this learning in the program.Key words: control groups; learning; postpartum period; research design; nursing students. Evaluación de una intervención educativa basada en el constructivismo en alumnas de enfermería de una universidad pública mexicanaObjetivo. Evaluar el efecto de una intervención educativa centrada en el análisis de casos clínicos para indagar el aprendizaje Invest Educ Enferm. 2015;33(3) • 433Assessment of an educational intervention based on constructivism in nursing students from a Mexican public university conceptual en la temática cuidados de Enfermería a las mujeres con puerperio complicado. Metodología. Estudio cuasiexperimental con evaluación antes y después. Participaron dos grupos de estudiantes de octavo semestre del programa de Licenciatura en Enfermería que profesionalizaba personas quienes ya eran técnicas en enfermería: al grupo de estudio (n=33) se le enseñó la temática de cuidados de Enfermería a las mujeres con puerperio complicado con la técnica de análisis de casos; al grupo control (n=27), con enseñanza tradicional. Se utilizó un cuestionario autoaplicado relacionado con la unidad temática, en el cual se incluyeron tres casos clínicos y la resolución de un total de 37 preguntas relacionadas con los mismos. Se aplicó el mismo cuestionario antes y después de la intervención. Resultados. El puntaje promedio preintervención fue similar en los dos grupos (26, en el de estudio; 27, en el de intervención...