Highlights d Adaptation of Listeria phage serovar specificity through targeted RBP variations d High-resolution crystal structure of a Listeria phage receptor binding protein d Structure-guided design of RBP chimeras yields phages with predictable host ranges d Synthetic RBPs extend phage binding specificity (from SV 4b to 4a, 4b, 4d, 5, 6b)

The liver is a major metastatic target organ, and little is known about the role of immunity in controlling hepatic metastases. Here, we discovered that the concerted and nonredundant action of two innate lymphocyte subpopulations, conventional natural killer cells (cNKs) and tissue-resident type I innate lymphoid cells (trILC1s), is essential for antimetastatic defense. Using different preclinical models for liver metastasis, we found that trILC1 controls metastatic seeding, whereas cNKs restrain outgrowth. Whereas the killing capacity of trILC1s was not affected by the metastatic microenvironment, the phenotype and function of cNK cells were affected in a cancer type–specific fashion. Thus, individual cancer cell lines orchestrate the emergence of unique cNK subsets, which respond differently to tumor-derived factors. Our findings will contribute to the development of therapies for liver metastasis involving hepatic innate cells.

Highlights d A high-throughput screen identifies key Salmonella genes used in initial gut colonization d Host food and microbiota provide luminal aspartate and malate for Salmonella respiration d The DcuABC transporters pump aspartate and malate into the Salmonella cell d Aspartate and malate conversion into fumarate fuels growth by H 2 /fumarate respiration

Serotonin dampens tumor-specific immunity in pancreatic and colorectal cancer mouse models.

The liver is a major metastatic target organ, and little is known about the role of immunity in controlling hepatic metastases. Here, we discovered that the concerted and non-redundant action of two innate lymphocyte subpopulations, conventional NK cells (cNKs) and tissue-resident type I Innate Lymphoid Cells (trILC1s), is essential for anti-metastatic defense. Using different preclinical models for liver metastasis, we found that trILC1 control metastatic seeding, whereas cNKs restrain outgrowth. The antimetastatic activity of cNKs is regulated in a tumor type-specific fashion. Thereby, individual cancer cell lines orchestrate the emergence of cNK subsets with unique phenotypic and functional traits. Understanding cancer-cell- as well as innate-cell-intrinsic factors will allow the exploitation of hepatic innate cells for development of novel cancer therapies.