Myrtaceae is one of the largest families in number of species within the order Myrtales and one of the richest families in Brazil. Myrcia is the fourth largest genus of Myrtaceae, with approximately 770 species distributed from Central America and the Caribbean to southern South America. In Brazil Myrcia is represented by 397 species, of which 309 are endemic. In this study, we present the taxonomic treatment for all species of Myrcia that occur in Paraná state, Brazil. Analyses of herbarium specimens, online databases, and bibliography were performed. Fifty-three species of Myrcia occur in Paraná, distributed in all vegetation types. Twenty-three names were excluded from previous lists of species or listed as doubtful species. Neither of the recorded species is endemic to Paraná, but this state is the southern and northern limit of distribution of six and two species, respectively. We present an identification key, taxonomic descriptions, figures, maps, and comments on phenology, habitat, and morphology for each species.
Myrcia sect. Tomentosae is morphologically easily distinguished from the other sections of Myrcia by the buds constricted below the ovary and calyx lobes reflexed at anthesis, but the specific limits within the group are not always clear. Inside this section, Myrcia lajeana, M. laruotteana, M. selloi and M. tomentosa form a species complex distributed mainly in central, southeastern and southern Brazil, but with some specimens collected in neighboring countries. Characters such as indumentum density, leaf shape, size and venation, bracteoles size, and persistence or not of the calyx lobes in the fruits are used to distinguish these species but are highly variable and many individuals with intermediate states can be found. Recent genetic studies showed this complex as separated in two big genetic pools, one containing only M. tomentosa and the other with M. lajeana, M. laruotteana and M. selloi mixed together. Based on these results and additional morphological and literature analyses, we propose here a new taxonomic arrangement of the complex with the synonymization of M. laruotteana and M. lajeana under M. selloi. Moreover, 16 lectotypes and 3 neotypes are here selected, and notes on morphology are presented.
ResumoO gênero Buddleja apresenta dez espécies e duas subespécies no Paraná, das quais uma espécie é cultivada, e as demais nativas: Buddleja brachiata, B. cuneata, B. davidii (cultivada)
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