The 1975 amendments extended the protections of the act to "language minorities," defined as American Indians, Asian-Americans, Alaskan Natives, and persons of Spanish Heritage." The amendments also expanded the geographic coverage of Section 5 by including in the definition of a "test or device" the use of English-only election materials in jurisdictions where more than 5% of the voting age citizen population was comprised of a single-language minority group. 2 As a result of this new definition, the preclearance requirement was extended to counties in California, Florida, Michigan, New Hampshire, New York, South Dakota, and the State of Texas. 3 The 1975 amendments also required certain states and political subdivisions to provide voting materials in languages other than English. 4 While there are several tests for "coverage," the requirement is imposed upon jurisdictions with significant language minority populations who are limited-English proficient and where the illiteracy rate of the language minority is higher than the national illiteracy rate. Covered jurisdictions are required to furnish voting materials in the language of the applicable minority group as well as in English. Jurisdictions covered by the bilingual election requirement include the entire states of California, New Mexico, and Texas, and several hundred counties and townships in Alaska,
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