THE WORKFORCE AND THE EMPLOYMENT SPHERE OF UKRAINE: WAR LOSSES В статті досліджені та узагальнені підходи до оцінки втрат робочої сили та сфери зайнятості України внаслідок військових дій. Опрацювання підходів до систематизації збитків і втрат робочої сили та сфери зайнятості України внаслідок військових дій на її території створить передумови для якнайповнішого врахування генерованих ними нагальних і віддалених проблем та ризиків у послідовній стратегії та державній політиці повоєнного відродження, а також прискорення соціально-економічного розвитку. За впливом на перспективи повоєнного відродження та прискорення соціально-економічного розвитку України найбільшої значущості набувають втрати сфери зайнятості від: загибелі, інвалідизації, скорочення тривалості життя, погіршення якості життєдіяльності, відтворення, професійно-кваліфікаційного потенціалу робочої сили; знищення, скорочення виробничої бази, руйнування схем і механізмів постачання, збуту, логістики підприємств, закладів, окремих видів економічної діяльності та ланок спеціалізації територіальних господарських підсистем і країни в цілому; підвищення страхових та інвестиційних ризиків господарювання.The article examines and summarizes approaches to assessing losses of the workforce and in the employment sphere of Ukraine as a result of military actions. The negatives and losses generated by the armed conflict will have a direct or indirect longterm impact on the quality of workforce' and national human potential reproduction, their productive implementation in business and non-economic spheres of life. The development of methodological and methodical approaches to the systematization of losses in the workforce and employment sphere of Ukraine due to military operations on its territory will create the prerequisites for the most complete consideration of the urgent and remote problems and risks generated by them in the consistent strategy and state policy of postwar revival, as well as the acceleration of socio-economic development. In this context, it is appropriate to allocate public costs for ensuring the functioning and maintenance of the employment sphere under martial law conditions, some of which are forced within the framework of the fastest possible increase in the country's economy efficiency according to the criteria of optimizing its crisis resistance and defense capability. At the same time, we should single out direct losses in the employment sphere during the war, caused primarily by: the workforce death or disability; destruction, reduction of enterprises, institutions, as well as job offers in the territories of hostilities and in the regions of the civilian population mass evacuation; expenses for wages, compensations, targeted assistance for employees, entrepreneurs, self-employed who were forced to be unemployed. Indirect losses from the armed conflict include: a decrease in labor productivity and wages, a reduction in total and paid working hours, an increase in personnel turnover, the spread of structural unemployment, workforce margi...
The article examines approaches to assessing losses in the employment sphere of Ukraine as a result of military actions. The negatives and losses generated by the armed conflict will have a direct or indirect long-term impact on the quality of national human potential reproduction, its productive implementation in business and non-economic spheres of life. The development of methodological approaches to the systematization of the employment sphere’ losses due to military operations on Ukrainian territory will create the prerequisites for the most complete consideration of the urgent and remote problems and risks generated by them in the consistent strategy and state policy of post-war revival, as well as the acceleration of socio-economic development. In this context, it is appropriate to allocate public costs for ensuring the functioning and maintenance of the employment sphere under martial law conditions, some of which are forced within the framework of the fastest possible increase in the efficiency of the country’s economy functioning according to the criteria of optimizing its crisis resistance and defense capability. At the same time, we should single out direct losses, caused primarily by: the workforce death or disability; destruction, reduction of enterprises, institutions, as well as job offers in the territories of hostilities and in the regions of the civilian population mass evacuation; expenses for wages, compensations, targeted assistance for employees, entrepreneurs, self-employed who were forced to be unemployed. Indirect losses from the war include: a decrease in labor productivity and wages, a reduction in total and paid working hours, an increase in personnel turnover, the spread of structural unemployment, workforce marginalization and disqualification in communities; losses from causing damage to life, health, reproduction, psycho-physiological, professional and qualification, as well as other components of the workforce productive potential in the multi-term perspective of the post-war period; manifestations of the deterioration of the workforce living’ and reproduction’ socio-economic environment generated by military actions.
The substantiation of the Ukraine’s strategy for post-war revival and socio-economic development acceleration requires to consider the realities and problems of the pre-war period, the totality of damages and losses caused by military actions, as well as pragmatic prospects for economic recovery, stabilization and improvement of the population’s living standards, expansion in the goods’ and services’ foreign marke ts taking into account the possibilities of national personnel, professional and qualification, innovative potential. Therefore, improving the quality of the Ukrainian workforce’ reproduction and use is the main driver of post-war development in the conditions of limits in other internal resources and the need for effective capitalization of external and international donor and credit assistance. The strategy priorities for improving the quality of Ukraine’s workforce’ formation and functioning should include: mitigating and compensating the losses caused by military actions to its quantitative and qualitative characteristics and the productive use’ environment; measures to optimize the intellectual, professional, qualification and innovative potential of the economically active population within the public system framework of professional education throughout a life.
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