Background and Purpose: Enteral applied bovine colostrum can significantly reduce endotoxin concentration in plasma. Since colostrum is a mixture of biological active ingredients 3 possible substances which are able to influence the endotoxin elimination were concentrated in 3 different colostrum products. Immunoglobulin-, lactoferrin- and casein-enriched colostra and lactoferrin alone were orally administered to endotoxinaemic rats. Methods: Endotoxinaemia was induced to rats by enteral application of 1010E. coli together with 40 mg Nebacetin. Control animals received albumin. From all rats plasma samples were taken over the time of 5 h and endotoxin concentration determined with limulus lysate and chromogenic substrate. Results: Whereas in control animals as well as in animals treated with casein-enriched colostrum a marked increase of endotoxin values to over 130 EU/dl could be observed after 5 h, the oral application of gammaglobulin-enriched and especially lactoferrin-enriched colostrum decreased endotoxin values by more than 50%. The most effective endotoxin elimination was seen with lactoferrin alone. Conclusions: From this results it can be concluded that not only gammaglobulin but especially lactoferrin seems to be responsible for the elimination of endotoxin with regard to enterally applied colostrum preparations.
Enterogenic endotoxinemia was induced in 28 Wistar rats by means of intraperitoneal injection of 80 mg/kg carrageenan and intraduodenal administration of 5 x 10(10)/kg Escherichia coli bacteria and 10 mg/kg nebacetin. The control group A received 600 mg/kg albumin in addition via the duodenal probe, and the groups B, C and D received 20, 40 and 80 mg/kg lactoferrin, respectively. The therapeutic effect was investigated by determining the endotoxin activity in the plasma every hour. In addition, the bacterial contamination of peritoneal lavages and mesenteric lymph nodes was checked by incubation for 48 h at 37 degrees C. The period of observation was 5 h. There was a dose-dependent improvement of the endotoxin activity in plasma and the bacterial contamination of the peritoneum cavity and mesenteric lymph nodes after lactoferrin administration. The maximum plasma endotoxin activity could be reduced by 89% with 80 mg/kg lactoferrin.
Introduction Under conditions of shock, bacteria and endotoxins in the intestines can traverse the mucosal barrier by translocation and enter the blood and lymphatic system. Immunoglobulins and lactoferrin have been reported to neutralize endotoxins and bacteria. We studied the essential therapeutic factors of colostrum products in an animal experiment. Method We simulated endotoxaemia by per-oral administration of a suspension of Escherichia coli and antibiotics into the duodenum of anaesthetized rats after giving intraperitoneal carrageenan. At the same time, pure bovine colostrum or lactoferrin-enriched bovine colostrum was given. Therapeutic effects were studied by examining plasma endotoxin activity and bacterial contamination of mesenterial lymph nodes and peritoneal lavages. Albumin was used in a control group. Results The most effective bovine colostrum was able to reduce the maximum plasma endotoxin value by 67% as compared with the albumin group. The combination of this colostrum with lactoferrin brought about a reduction by 80%. The reduction in bacterial contamination of lymph nodes and peritoneal lavages was also evident. Conclusion Both gammaglobulin and lactoferrin may help to eliminate endotoxins when bovine colostrum is administered into the gut in conditions of septic shock.
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