G., 1990 06 15: A generalized lithofacies model for glaciomarine and marine sequences in the Goteborg area, Sweden. Geologiska Foreningens i Stockholm Forhandlingar, Vol. 112, Pt. 2, pp. 89-105. Stockholm. ISSN 0016-786X. Strong stratigraphic trends can be recognized at many, if not most, of the valley localities below the marine limit in the Goteborg area. The deposits reflect the deglaciation and the isostatically induced regression following the last Weichselian glaciation. The generalized sequence of paleoenvironments and their associated deposits are used as an initial basis for comparing three stratigraphic examples from SW Sweden. These interpreted sections, in turn, are used to improve the paleogeographic model by specifying typical variations in important environmental parameters not originally included in the model. Ice-front proximity and meltwater drainage are decisively involved in the supply of sediments to both proximal and distal glaciomarine settings. Climatic variations further determine the extent of this supply and the balance between the contribution from the glacial source and the increasingly important supply from local erosion. Sedimentologic facies are described and discussed with respect to environmental interpretations in these late Quaternary, finegrained sequences. The lithofacies model reflects changes that are often time-transgressive between localities, but nevertheless comparable due to the similar depositional conditions. The resulting facies model can help in the observational, comparative and interpretive phases of an investigation. 0 Goteborg. Sweden, stratigraphic model. Weichselian deglaciation, environmental evolution, glaciomarine and marine. fine-grained sediments, sedirnentation rates, vanes, depositional processes, iron sulfides, textural fiatures. Rodney L. Stevens, Geologiska institutionen, Chahners tekniska h6gskola/Goteborgs unirersitet. S-412 96 Goteborg. Sweden, and Lars-Gunnar Ilellgren. Stadsbyggnadskontoret, Box 2554, S-403 17 Goteborg. Sweden. hiannuscript
This paper relates the Engineering features of fine-grained clays in the Göteborg area to their glacial sources, depositional settings and postdepositional changes. These deposits occupy valley and coastal areas where urban expansion has been concentrated, despite the considerable problems with settlement and quick-clay behaviour. Both mineralogical and permeability trends are largely determined by the textural characteristics of the deposits. The depositional environments, which have largely controlled the textural trends, are known to have evolved during late Weichselian times due to glacial retreat, isostatic land uplift and climatic changes. A generalized lithostratigraphical model has been produced and this is used here to help understand and predict the variability of the geotechnical properties. The stratigraphical trends in texture, mineralogy and structure are considered within four broad genetic categories: 1) coarse-grained glacial deposits, 2) glaciomarine deposits, 3) very distal glaciomarine deposits, and 4) shallow-marine deposits. These divisions can often be recognized within the logs of geotechnical reports, which suggested that they could provide the basis for development of three-dimensional models which have both geological and geotechnical predictive power within the vicinity of Göteborg. They could also act as a guide for the development of similar models in urban areas elsewhere.
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