Abstract.To better understand the spatio-temporal variability of the glaciological environment in Dronning Maud Land (DML), East Antarctica, a 2800-km-long Japanese-Swedish traverse was carried out. The route includes ice divides between two ice-coring sites at Dome Fuji and EPICA DML. We determined the surface mass balance (SMB) averaged over various time scales in the late Holocene based on studies of snow pits and firn cores, in addition to radar data. We find that the large-scale distribution of the SMB depends on the surface elevation and continentality, and that the SMB differs between the windward and leeward sides of ice divides for strong-wind events. We suggest that the SMB is highly influenced by interactions between the large-scale surface topography of ice divides and the wind field of strong-wind events that are often associated with high-precipitation events. Local variations in the SMB are governed by the local surface topography, which is influenced by the bedrock topography. In the eastern part of DML, the accumulation rate in the second half of the 20th century is found to be higher by ∼15 % Correspondence to: S. Fujita (sfujita@nipr.ac.jp) than averages over longer periods of 722 a or 7.9 ka before AD 2008. A similar increasing trend has been reported for many inland plateau sites in Antarctica with the exception of several sites on the leeward side of the ice divides.

S U M M A R YVening Meinesz' inverse problem in isostasy deals with solving for the Moho depth from known Bouguer gravity anomalies and "normal" Moho depth (T 0 , known, e.g. from seismic reflection data) using a flat Earth approximation. Moritz generalized the problem to the global case by assuming a spherical approximation of the Earth's surface, and this problem is also treated here. We show that T 0 has an exact physical meaning. The problem can be formulated mathematically as that of solving a non-linear Fredholm integral equation of the first kind, and we present an iterative procedure for its solution. Moreover, we prove the uniqueness of the solution.Second, the integral equation is modified to a more suitable form, and an iterative solution is presented also for this. Also, a second-order approximate formula is derived, which determines the Moho depth to first/linear order by an earth gravitational model (EGM), and the remaining short-wavelength/non-linear part, of the order of 2 km, can be determined by iteration. A direct, second-order formula, in principle accurate to the order of 25 m, combines the first-order solution from an EGM with a second-order term, which may include terrestrial Bouguer gravity anomalies around the computation point.

The risk of psychological disorders influencing the health of workers increases in accordance with growing requirements on employees across various professions. This study aimed to compare approaches to the burnout syndrome in European countries. A questionnaire focusing on stress-related occupational diseases was distributed to national experts of 28 European Union countries. A total of 23 countries responded. In 9 countries (Denmark, Estonia, France, Hungary, Latvia, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia and Sweden) burnout syndrome may be acknowledged as an occupational disease. Latvia has burnout syndrome explicitly included on the List of ODs. Compensation for burnout syndrome has been awarded in Denmark, France, Latvia, Portugal and Sweden. Only in 39% of the countries a possibility to acknowledge burnout syndrome as an occupational disease exists, with most of compensated cases only occurring in recent years. New systems to collect data on suspected cases have been developed reflecting the growing recognition of the impact of the psychosocial work environment. In agreement with the EU legislation, all EU countries in the study have an action plan to prevent stress at the workplace.

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