In addition to triglycerides, the seed oil of Knema elegans Warb. (Myristicaceae) contains two series of anacardic acids. One series includes Cu, C13 and C15 saturated alkyl side chains and Cu and Cn monoenoid side chains. The other series is a previously unknown class of anacardic acids with a terminal phenyl group on a Cm or C12 saturated, or a C12 monoenoid connecting chain. Alkyl resorcinols, also present in the oil, appear to have the same side chains as the anacardic acids.'The mention of firm names or trade products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the U. S. Department of Agriculture over other firms or similar products not mentioned.
A number of sapindaceous seed oils have been investigated with respect to their cyanolipid constituents. All but one of the oils have this new class of lipids in amounts ranging from 13% to 55%. These cyanolipids are of four different types, but all consist of long‐chain fatty acids esterified with an unsaturated isoprenoid hydroxy‐ or dihydroxynitrile. The large amounts of C20 acids usually found in these oils indicate an appreciable cyanolipid content because such acids are preferentially incorporated in nitrile‐containing fractions.Cardiospermum halicacabum L. seed oil was shown to contain 49% of a diester having two fatty acid moieties esterified with 1‐cyano‐2‐hydroxymethylprop‐2‐ene‐1‐ol and 6% of another diester derived from 1‐cyano‐2‐hydroxymethylprop‐1‐ene‐3‐ol. Treatment of the latter diester with methanolic hydrogen chloride produces methyl 4,4‐dimethoxy‐3‐(methoxymethyl) butyrate from the dihydroxynitrile moiety.
Koelreuteria paniculataLaxm. (Sapindaceae) seed oil is a mixture of cyanolipids (42%) and ordinary triglycerides. The cyanolipid portion contains two classes of components. One of these (25% of the oil) is a mixture of diesters composed of two fatty acid moieties (predominantly C18 and C20 monoenoic) esterified with an unsaturated five-carbon dihydroxynitrile (1-cyano-2-hydroxymethylprop-l-ene-3-ol). The other class (17% of the oil) consists of cyanolipids having one fatty acid moiety (predominantly C20 monoenoic) esterified with 1 -cyano-2-methylprop-1-ene-3-ol. Monoesters based on this same hydroxynitrile were previously isolated from Stocksia brahuica seed oil and characterized. Hydrogenation of the diesters was accompanied by varying degrees of hydrogenolysis of the ester groups. The hydrogenated diester was reduced with lithium borohydride and the dihydroxynitrile portion was isolated. Acetolysis of the hydrogenated diester in glacial acetic acid with sulfuric acid catalyst yielded an acetylated ")'-lactone. The double bond of the dihydroxynitrile moiety in the diester does not react with bromine in carbon tetrachloride.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.