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In 1927, Pólya proved that the Riemann hypothesis is equivalent to the hyperbolicity of Jensen polynomials for the Riemann zeta function ζ(s) at its point of symmetry. This hyperbolicity has been proved for degrees d≤3. We obtain an asymptotic formula for the central derivatives ζ(2n)(1/2) that is accurate to all orders, which allows us to prove the hyperbolicity of all but finitely many of the Jensen polynomials of each degree. Moreover, we establish hyperbolicity for all d≤8. These results follow from a general theorem which models such polynomials by Hermite polynomials. In the case of the Riemann zeta function, this proves the Gaussian unitary ensemble random matrix model prediction in derivative aspect. The general theorem also allows us to prove a conjecture of Chen, Jia, and Wang on the partition function.

Mock modular forms, which give the theoretical framework for Ramanujan's enigmatic mock theta functions, play many roles in mathematics. We study their role in the context of modular parameterizations of elliptic curves E/Q. We show that mock modular forms which arise from Weierstrass ζ -functions encode the central L-values and L-derivatives which occur in the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer Conjecture. By defining a theta lift using a kernel recently studied by Hövel, we obtain canonical weight 1/2 harmonic Maass forms whose Fourier coefficients encode the vanishing of these values for the quadratic twists of E. We employ results of Bruinier and the third author, which builds on seminal work of Gross, Kohnen, Shimura, Waldspurger, and Zagier. We also obtain p-adic formulas for the corresponding weight 2 newform using the action of the Hecke algebra on the Weierstrass mock modular form.

In this paper, we consider the Fourier coefficients of a special class of meromorphic Jacobi forms of negative index considered by Kac and Wakimoto. Much recent work has been done on such coefficients in the case of Jacobi forms of positive index, but almost nothing is known for Jacobi forms of negative index. In this paper we show, from two different perspectives, that their Fourier coefficients have a simple decomposition in terms of partial theta functions. The first perspective uses the language of Lie super algebras, and the second applies the theory of elliptic functions. In particular, we find a new infinite family of rank-crank type partial differential equations generalizing the famous example of Atkin and Garvan. We then describe the modularity properties of these coefficients, showing that they are 'mixed partial theta functions', along the way determining a new class of quantum modular partial theta functions which is of independent interest. In particular, we settle the final cases of a question of Kac concerning modularity properties of Fourier coefficients of certain Jacobi forms.

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