Lens extraction is a strong risk factor for the development of late-onset OAG after uncomplicated PPV. While the overall incidence of OAG development after PPV is substantial, it is more so among eyes that have had CE. The absence of substantial OAG incidence in phakic patients points toward a combined mechanism for late-onset post-PPV OAG involving PPV and CE at any time. Preoperative PPV counseling should include the risk of glaucoma development in addition to cataract development and the connection between the two. Patients who have undergone PPV, and especially those who also had CE in the same eye, should be carefully monitored for glaucoma.

To investigate the etiology of acute exudative polymorphous vitelliform maculopathy (AEPVM) in a patient with metastatic melanoma, undiagnosed at initial examination, by testing for autoimmune mechanisms. Methods: Serum samples were obtained from a 50-yearold man with AEPVM and metastatic unknown primary melanoma during the acute stage and 3 years later when subretinal fluid had resolved and melanoma was in remission (AEPVM convalescent stage). Western immunoblots using both serum samples against human donor retinal extract and cultured primary human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cell extract were performed to identify antiretinal and anti-RPE antibodies. Serum samples from 5 unaffected participants were tested as controls. Protein identification was performed using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry and was then confirmed by blotting against purified protein. Results: Western immunoblots of the patient's serum against human donor retinal extract and RPE cell ex

Purpose To identify factors associated with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) presentation and two-year outcome in 479 intermediate, posterior, and panuveitic eyes. Design Cohort study using randomized controlled trial data Methods Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial masked BCVA measurements at baseline and 2 years’ follow-up used gold standard methods. Twenty-three clinical centers documented characteristics per protocol, which were evaluated as potential predictive factors for baseline BCVA and two-year change in BCVA. Results Baseline factors significantly associated with reduced BCVA included: age ≥50 vs. <50 years; posterior vs. intermediate uveitis; uveitis duration >10 vs. <6 years; anterior chamber (AC) flare > grade 0; cataract; macular thickening; and exudative retinal detachment. Over two years, eyes better than 20/50 and 20/50 or worse at baseline improved, on average, by 1 letter (p=0.52) and 10 letters (p<0.001) respectively. Both treatment groups and all sites of uveitis improved similarly. Factors associated with improved BCVA included resolution of active AC cells, of macular thickening, and cataract surgery in an initially cataractous eye. Factors associated with worsening BCVA included longer duration of uveitis (6–10 or >10 vs. <6 years), incident AC flare, cataract at both baseline and follow-up, pseudophakia at baseline, persistence or incidence of vitreous haze, and incidence of macular thickening. Conclusions Intermediate, posterior and panuveitis have a similarly favorable prognosis with both systemic and fluocinolone acetonide implant treatment. Eyes with more prolonged/severe inflammatory damage and/or inflammatory findings initially or during follow-up have a worse visual acuity prognosis. The results indicate the value of implementing best practices in managing inflammation.

Purpose To describe fluocinolone acetonide implant dissociations in the Multicenter Uveitis Steroid Treatment (MUST) Trial. Design Randomized clinical trial with extended follow-up. Methods Review of data collected on the first implant in the eye(s) of participants. Dissociation was defined as the drug pellet no longer being affixed to the strut and categorized as spontaneous or surgically-related. Results 250 eyes (146 patients) had at least one implant placed. Median time follow-up time after implant placement was 6 years (range 0.5 to 9.2). Thirty-four dissociations were reported in 30 participants. There were 22 spontaneous events in 22 participants; 6-year cumulative risk of a spontaneous dissociation was 4.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4%–9.1%). The earliest event occurred 4.8 years after placement. Nine of 22 eyes with data had a decline in visual acuity ≥5 letters temporally related to the dissociation. 39 implant removal surgeries were performed, 33 with replacement. Twelve dissociations were noted during implant removal surgeries in 10 participants (26%, 95% CI 15%–48%); 5 of these eyes had a decline in visual acuity ≥5 letters after surgery. The time from implant placement to removal surgery was longer for the surgeries at which dissociated implants were identified than for those without one (5.7 vs 3.7 years, p < 0.001). Overall, visual acuity declined 15 or more letters from pre-implant values in 22% of affected eyes; declines were frequently associated with complications of uveitis or it’s treatment. Conclusion There is an increasing risk of dissociation of Retisert implants during follow-up, the risk is greater with removal/exchange surgeries, but both the risk of spontaneous and surgically related events increase with longevity of the implants. In 22% of affected eyes visual acuity declined by 15 letters. In the context of eyes with moderate to severe uveitis for years, this rate is not unexpected.