Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is one of the most pursued targets for Parkinson's disease (PD) therapy. Moreover, it has recently described its role in regulating Wnt signaling and thus, it may be involved in adult neurogenesis. This new hypothesis could give rise to double disease-modifying agents firstly by the benefits of inhibiting LRRK2 and secondly by promoting adult neurogenesis. Herein we report, the design, synthesis, biological evaluation, SAR and potential binding mode of indoline-like LRRK2 inhibitors and their preliminary neurogenic effect in neural precursor cells isolated from adult mice ventricular-subventricular zone. These results open new therapeutic horizons for the use of LRRK2 inhibitors as neuroregenerative agents. Moreover, the indolinone derivatives here prepared, inhibitors of the kinase activity of LRRK2, may be considered as pharmacological probes to study the potential neuroregeneration of the damaged brain.
We are reporting on a Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling study of a tetrahydroxanthone model system with different boronic acids, pinacolboranes, and halides to afford heteromeric biaryls. We transferred these reaction conditions to the Suzuki–Miyaura cross‐coupling reactions of 4‐chromanone lactones. We thereby obtained complex building blocks offering a convenient starting point for further transformations towards various natural products with the tetrahydroxanthone structural motif.magnified image
The asymmetric, atom economic reaction of salicylaldehydes with α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes in the presence of an organocatalyst leads to chiral tricyclic chromanes. In this report, the first exploration of heteroatom‐substituted α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes is demonstrated: We present the investigation of the enantioselective domino vinylogous aldol/oxa‐Michael reaction in respect to its scope and limitations. The chiral chromanes arriving from this reaction are highly functionalized and are versatile synthetic intermediates that can further be converted into the respective tetrahydroxanthones with functionalities on the C‐4a position. A new synthetic route to a methyl ester on this position is developed starting with a p‐methoxyphenyl protected alcohol.
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