Spectroscopic methods have already been used as effective tools in several studies involving the detection of cancer. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) has already been applied in the discrimination of cancer cells and tissues or blood of patients with the disease, observing that this technique requires the use of chemometric algorithms to obtain such results. The aim of this study was to employ a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) with FTIR data in the discrimination of plasma samples from patients with colorectal cancer (RCC) and healthy individuals. Multivariate analysis was performed using PLS-DA of the sample triplicates (n=90) with different types of processing. The best PLS-DA condition was obtained using the 1st derivative, 1 orthogonal signal correction (OSC) and no pre-processing. With 1 factor only, the model presented a mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) of 0.0004 and coefficient of determination (r^2) of 1.0000. The accuracy, precision and sensitivity of the model were 100%.
In this study, we obtained a lipidomic profile of plasma samples from drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) in comparison to healthy controls. The sample cohort consisted of 30 BD and 30 SZ patients and 30 control individuals. An untargeted lipidomics strategy using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry was employed to obtain the lipid profiles. Data were preprocessed, then univariate (t-test) and multivariate (principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis) statistical tools were applied to select differential lipids, which were putatively identified. Afterward, multivariate receiver operating characteristic tests were performed, and metabolic pathway networks were constructed, considering the differential lipids. Our results demonstrate alterations in distinct lipid pathways, especially in glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids and glycerolipids, between SZ and BD patients. The results obtained in this study may serve as a basis for differential diagnosis, which is crucial for effective treatment and improving the quality of life of patients with psychotic disorders.
O poli 3-hidroxibutirato – P(3HB) – é o principal polímero da classe dos poli hidroxialcanoatos (PHAs), polímeros biodegradáveis sintetizados por microrganismos a partir de diversos substratos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi a produção de P(3HB) a partir do resíduo da extração do óleo da semente de tabaco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) como substrato alternativo e de baixo custo para triagem de microrganismos produtores de P(3HB). O resíduo foi avaliado quanto a sua composição e beneficiado através de hidrólise. O hidrolisado foi utilizado em ensaio de fermentação com cepas bacterianas isoladas da Estação de Tratamento de Efluentes (ETE) da Universidade de Santa Cruz do Sul (UNISC). Para visualização de inclusões lipofílicas nas células, indicadoras de acúmulo de P(3HB), utilizou-se coloração de Sudan Black. A extração do polímero do interior das células foi realizada utilizando-se clorofórmio e hipoclorito de sódio e o produto extraído foi analisado em espectrofotômetro. De 25 isolados, a cepa E10 foi a que apresentou melhor resultado frente à coloração de Sudan Black. A análise do produto obtido sugere que a E10 produziu PHAs utilizando o resíduo de tabaco, demonstrando seu potencial como substrato de baixo custo para crescimento microbiano e obtenção de biopolímeros.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.