An experiment was conducted to assess the role of different concentrations of dicyandiamide (DCD), a potent nitrification inhibitor, on temporal changes in nitrous oxide emission from sandy loam agricultural soil. It was found that with increasing concentration of DCD i.e. from 6 to 12% of nitrogen applied in the form of urea, there was a decrease in the both average and peak N(2)O emissions. However, from 14% DCD treated soil, there was a non-significant alteration in the N(2)O emission. Maximum average N(2)O efflux of 217.55 microg m(-2) h(-1) was noted from control plots. As compared to control, there was an attenuation of 50, 58, 65, and 91% average N(2)O efflux from 6, 8, 10 and 12% DCD applied pots, respectively, whereas, there was a negative average of N(2)O efflux from the soil with 14% DCD treatment. The soil N content also showed a significant correlation with N(2)O emission. Therefore, 12% DCD treatment has been found to be the best with regard to attenuation of nitrous oxide from sandy loam agricultural soils.
A study of temporal variation in methane efflux from the rice-fields indicated that weeds could modulate the CH4 emission by transporting atmospheric O2 more efficiently than rice plants to the rhizosphere, which suppressed CH4 formation in the oxic condition, inhibiting methanogenic activity. A more oxic environment in the sediment was reflected by the higher redox potential in the weed growing plots. Besides, cultivar differences in methane efflux might be attributed to various plant activities, more importantly root exudation, development of aerenchyma and the biomass. Peak emission of CH4 at the flowering stage in all the rice cultivars was associated with maximum extension of root mat, releasing exudates, which serve as carbon source for the methanogenic bacteria for CH4 formation.
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