The civilization process of social development as of the period of XX-XXI centuries caused the comprehensive development of man in the cultural and political science fields. The intensive growth of humanitarian, natural science and technical and technological knowledge has shaped the sociocultural and political activity of the population. In these conditions, political communication as a simplified version of “power-society” relationship is transformed into a separate area of human activity, which has a serious impact on personal identity. In modern conditions, political communication is not just a process aimed at transmitting any information. This is a multitude of processes where power should be considered as the source. There is a variety of processes represented in species diversity. Political communications in modern conditions have acquired the status of a social institution with its structure, internal systemic links and links with scientific knowledge, which play an important role in determining the vector of development of society.
The article deals with the history, traditions and way of life of sub-ethnic group of the Finno-Ugric tribes –the Eastern Maris, who are considered the "last pagans of Europe". Using specific ethnographic material, scientific and popular-scientific works, the authors showed the unique culture of the Eastern Maris sub-ethnos, pagan beliefs, preserved to date and reflecting people’s social existence, beauty of the traditions and essential national characteristics. The authors draw a conclusion that the Eastern Maris present an independent sub-ethnos tending to self-reproduction. Being amidst the powerful Slavic and Turkic civilizations, the Eastern Marian sub ethnos managed to maintain its national self-identity with some borrowings from neighboring cultures.
The author researches the problem of manuscript Sufi literature, which has almost dropped off scientists' radar. This article is based on the personal author's materials, where she has found out and settled manuscript evidences of Sufi people, which hadn't been documented before. The author defines the problem of the ethnic and confessional cultures' interconnection in the context of the embedded stereotypes. These stereotypes motivated the Sufi people to move towards to extremely unfavorable for a south person Siberian and North conditions. Analyzing the works of such poets as Ikany, Huvaydo, Amdamy, some fairytales and dastans (recorded by V.V. Radulov), the author explores mythological synopsis as the basis of branched system of mythological plots in the Sufi Siberian Tatar literature on the ground of dhikr. The author analyzes the inner worldview transformation of Sufi Ikany, who came to the Siberian bogs and forests from Arabian sands to prove perishable nature of all the material in front of the spirit.
В статье анализируются проблемы сиротства в современной России, а также вопросы социализации детей-сирот в учреждениях, предоставляющих социальные услуги. Рассмотрены такие понятия, как сиротство и социальное сиротство, причины их возникновения. Приведены эмпирические данные по проблемам деятельности таких учреждений социального характера, как социальные приюты. Проблема сирот и их социализации весьма актуальная в современных условиях не только для России, но и в международном масштабе. Войны, технико-технологические катастрофы, с одной стороны, кризисные процессы в социально-экономической сфере -с другой, обусловливают рост числа сирот. Вызывает беспокойство рост числа социальных сирот, то есть тех детей, которые при живых родителях лишены родительской заботы и любви. Социальные сироты зачастую оказываются не только безнадзорными, но и беспризорными, переходя в разряд бродяжек. Сироты характеризуются различными девиациями, что препятствует их успешной социализации. В силу совокупности негативных факторов такая категория детей активно используется преступным элементом общества, пополняя тем самым криминальную среду десоциализированной молодежью. Детские учреждения, оказывающие социальные услуги, создают условия для преодоления девиаций сирот. Особое место в этом процессе занимают социальные приюты. Эти учреждения не только дают временный приют безнадзорным и беспризорным детям, но и предпринимают первоначальные шаги по их ресоциализации. Некоторые проблемы деятельности социальных приютов отмечены в данной статье. Ключевые слова: сиротство, социальное сиротство, социальный приют, социальное неблагополучие, социализация. The article analyzes the problems of orphan hood in modern Russia, as well as the issues of socialization of orphans in institutions providing social services. Considered such concepts as orphan hood and social orphan hood, the reasons for their occurrence. Empirical data on the problems of the activities of such social institutions as social shelters are given. The problem of orphans and their socialization is very relevant in modern conditions, not only for Russia, but also internationally. Wars, technological and technological catastrophes -on the one hand, crisis processes in the social and economic sphere -on the other -cause an increase in the number of orphans. The growing number of social orphans, that is, those children who are deprive of parental care and love with living parents, is cause for concern. Social orphans are often not only neglected, but also homeless, moving into the category of tramps. Orphans are characterize by various deviations, which hinders their successful socialization. Because of the set of negative factors, this category of children is actively use by the criminal element of society, thus replenishing the criminal environment with dissocialized youth. Children's institutions that provide social services create conditions for overcoming the deviations of orphans. A special place in this process is occupy by social shelters. These institutions not only provide temp...
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