This study investigated the effects of personality and career decision-making self-efficacy on progress in career choice commitment in a sample of 184 college students. It was hypothesized that self-efficacy would mediate the relationship between neuroticism and extraversion and career choice commitment. Results revealed significant differences between White students and a composite group of students of color on the study variables. For White students, self-efficacy fully mediated the relationship between extraversion and career choice commitment, whereas for students of color, a partially mediated model fit the data in which neuroticism and extraversion were related to career choice commitment directly and indirectly through self-efficacy. The results of this study are discussed in terms of the implications they might have for career theory and research.

As more North Americans sojourn abroad in the emerging global marketplace, it is important to understand the factors related to successful cross-cultural adjustment. This study explores how personality factors and acculturation influence the cross-cultural adjustment process of North Americans sojourning in Taiwan. The results reveal that greater psychological adjustment to life in Taiwan was related to less neuroticism, greater agreeableness, greater conscientiousness, and being more acculturated to Taiwanese culture. More successful sociocultural adjustment was associated with being male, being more extraverted, and being more acculturated to Taiwanese culture. The results suggest the importance of distinguishing between psychological and sociocultural cross-cultural adjustment processes, as well as viewing acculturation as a multidimensional construct.

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Despite masculinity researchers' widespread use of the Gender Role Conflict Scale (GRCS; J. M. O'Neil, B. Helms, R. Gable, L. David, & L. Wrightsman, 1986), the structural validity of this instrument has recently been called into question. The authors revisited the status of the GRCS's structural validity via confirmatory factor analyses of both rationally and randomly developed item parcels as well as item-level data in a sample of 702 college men. Results indicated that, consistent with previous research, O'Neil et al.'s hypothesized oblique 4-factor model did not provide a conventionally good tit to the item-level data. However, as expected, superior (and conventionally good) fits to the data resulted when both rational and random parcel-level models were tested. Considered collectively, the results provide strong support for the structural validity of the GRCS and suggest that it is quite appropriate for masculinity researchers to score the GRCS for O'Neil et al.'s 4 factors.Masculine gender role conflict is theorized to be rooted in men's gender role socialization, particularly men's adherence to the masculine mystique (i.e., a socially constructed set of values and beliefs that defines optimal masculinity) and their fear of femininity (O'Neil, 1981). More specifically, for men, adherence to rigid and sexist gender roles results in masculine gender role conflict because these restrictive roles prevent men from obtaining their full human potential and also restrict others from obtaining their full human potential (O'Neil, Good, & Holmes, 1995). Thus, masculine gender role conflict can be defined as "a psychological state in which socialized gender roles have negative consequences on the [man] or others" (O'Neil et al., 1995, p. 166).The construct of gender role conflict has been of tremendous value in advancing theory and research on the psychology of men. A plethora of empirical research has linked gender role conflict with variables

The authors used structural equation modeling to test a theoretically based, fully mediated model in which masculine gender roles influence vocational interests that, in turn, influence the traditionality of career choice for men. The authors also tested a competing partially mediated model that included an additional direct effect of masculine gender roles on career choice traditionality. Participants were 212 male undergraduate and graduate students representing 51 different majors. Results indicated that the direct relation between masculine gender roles and career choice traditionality was nonsignificant; however, vocational interests mediated the relation between these variables, thus providing support for the fully mediated model.

This study examined the perceptions of a national sample of school psychologists in the United States regarding their knowledge, preferred roles and training needs in the assessment of nine prominent childhood internalizing disorders. Knowledge about all disorders was rated by respondents as being at least fairly important. In particular, knowledge regarding school phobia/refusal and suicidal threats and acts were perceived as being especially important for school psychologists and assessing these disorders was viewed as an appropriate role for school psychologists. The school-based assessment of eating disorders was rated lowest in terms of need for knowledge and as an appropriate role for school psychologists. The majority of the sample indicated they needed some or significant additional training in the assessment of all nine disorders. Participants also rated the utility of various instruments for assessing internalizing disorders, with child self-reports and interviews rated as particularly important.

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Gender‐role conflict theory has suggested that women athletes will experience role conflict because they are attempting to enact both feminine and masculine gender roles, yet research findings have shown mixed support for this notion. The purpose of this study was to explore how women rugby players negotiate gender‐role expectations and conflict as women participating in a traditionally masculine sport. Eleven Caucasian women, noncollege rugby players between the ages of 25 and 38 were interviewed. The results indicated that women rugby players perceived numerous discrepant gender‐role expectations. In addition, three different types of gender‐role conflict emerged; however, similar to previous findings, participants perceived conflicting expectations for their gender‐role behavior more than they seemed to experience conflict about those expectations. Participants actively employed various strategies to resolve or avoid experiencing gender‐role conflict. The resiliency displayed by the women athletes in coping with discrepant gender‐role messages provides new considerations for gender‐role conflict theory.