121 Biomedical and Biopharmaceutical Research J o r n a l d e I n v e s t i g a ç ã o B i o m é d i c a e B i o f a r m a c ê u t i c a A didactic approach for quantification of diazepam tablets by UV spectrophotometry AbstractThe present paper describes a simple laboratory procedure for the quantification of diazepam, a central nervous system depressant benzodiazepine, by ultraviolet spectroscopy. Standard solutions of diazepam, prepared from a stock solution, were used to construct a calibration curve. Commercial tablets of diazepam were then analysed and the results obtained were in accordance with the expected percentage range of the manufacturer's claim and with the specifications of the Portuguese Pharmacopeia. Keywords: Diazepam tablets; UV Spectroscopy; laboratory class ResumoO presente artigo descreve um método laboratorial simples para a quantificação de diazepam, uma benzodiazepina depressora do sistema nervoso central, por espectroscopia de ultravioleta. Utilizaram-se soluções padrão de diazepam, preparadas a partir de uma solução stock, para construir a curva de calibração. Analisaram-se então comprimidos comerciais de diazepam e os resultados obtidos foram de acordo com o esperado tendo em conta a dosagem indicada e as especificações da farmacopeia portuguesa (2). Palavras-chave:Comprimidos de Diazepam, Espectroscopia UV, aula laboratorial
Ranitidine is a histamine H2-receptor antagonist that inhibits gastric acid secretion, commonly used in the treatment and prophylaxis of peptic ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease. Over-the-counter ranitidine hydrochloride tablets are available in several European countries as well as the US for the relief of indigestion and heartburn. Commercial tablets containing the equivalent of 150 mg of ranitidine were analysed following extraction. Ranitidine is water-soluble, thus avoiding the use of organic solvents. Standard aqueous solutions of ranitidine hydrochloride were used to construct a calibration curve. This graduate laboratory experiment describes a simple, inexpensive, safe, and “green” procedure for the quantification of ranitidine tablets by UV spectrophotometry. The entire procedure provides an pedagogical opportunity to approach a realistic analytical scenario, typical of a quality control laboratory, by designing an attractive and engaging hands-on session. An average content of 148 ± 1 mg of ranitidine was determined using both standard addition and external calibration methods and results are in agreement with Pharmacopoeia. Keywords: Analytical chemistry, ranitidine, drugs/pharmaceuticals, quantitative analysis, UV-Vis spectroscopy
Resumo-O saneamento básico é entendido como sendo a gestão ou controle dos fatores físicos que podem exercer efeitos nocivos aos seres humanos, prejudicando, portanto, o seu bem-estar físico, mental e social. O debate acerca do saneamento básico é fundamental para a proposição de ações de empresas e governos inseridos nesse setor. Contudo, é fundamental que tais ações estejam amparadas em estudos que qualifiquem e quantifiquem o contexto das discussões acadêmicas sobre o tema. Este artigo tem como objetivo mapear, selecionar e analisar as principais características do perfil da produção científica nacional e internacional na área do Saneamento, entre 1994 e 2015. Para tanto, realizou-se um estudo bibliométrico, isto é, uma pesquisa qualitativa e quantitativa como principal ferramenta metodológica. Após a análise do conteúdo foram selecionados 153 para compor o portfólio bibliográfico de revisão da literatura científica sobre saneamento. Os achados demonstram uma relativa expansão das pesquisas em saneamento e a presença de pesquisadores brasileiros, indicando uma base intelectual local. Palavras-Chave -Estudo Bibliométrico, Saneamento, Economia e Saúde.Abstract-Sanitation is understood as the management or control of the physical factors that can have harmful effects to humans, affecting therefore their physical, mental and social well-being. The debate on sanitation is fundamental to propose actions of companies and governments entered this sector. However, it is essential that such actions are supported in studies that qualify and quantify the context of academic discussions on the topic. This article aims to map, select and analyze the main characteristics of the profile of the national and international scientific production in the sanitation area between 1994 and 2015. Therefore, there was a bibliometric study, that is, a qualitative and quantitative research as main methodological tool. After analyzing the contents were selected 153
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