Introduction: Pulmonary function testing is the gold standard for physicians to diagnose and manage respiratory problems. An obstructive defect is indicated by low forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio, defined as less than 0.7 or below the fifth percentile. If an obstructive defect is present, the physician should determine if the disease is reversible based on the increase in FEV1 or FVC after bronchodilator treatment (i.e., increase of more than 12% and 200 ml in adults). An FVC below the fifth percentile indicates a restrictive pattern based on NHANES III data in adults. If both the FEV1/FVC ratio and the FVC are low, the patient has a mixed defect. Method: A total of 60 patients having respiratory distress, who attended chest OPD underwent a pulmonary function test. Results: In this study out of 60 patients, 32 patients had obstructive airway diseases with low FEV1/FVC (53.33%), 8 of them (13.33%) had restrictive lung diseases, ten patients (16.66%) had mixed features and rest ten patients(16.66%) had normal spirometry. Among those 32 patients of obstructive features, 22 (68.75%) had reversible airway diseases. Severity was measured among the other ten non-reversible obstructive patients according to the GOLD criteria. Conclusion: Pulmonary function test is the fundamental first-line investigation to diagnose obstructive and restrictive lung diseases and also to differentiate between reversible and non-reversible obstruction. It is also a vital tool for determining the severity among non-reversible obstructive airway patients.
ACTION OF ACETANILID. stage. In comparing the totals of the paternal, maternal, and acquired cases, mine stand in the following order of results most benefited: First, acquired ; second, maternal; third, paternal. Thompson's order is: First, acquired ; second, paternal; third, maternal. While there is a strong resemblance between my cases and those of others, there are, as has been shown, points of difference, some of which are probably due to the especial influence of altitude. The theory that under certain con¬ ditions family phthisis grants immunity, or modified immunity or tol¬ erance, receives some support from these inquiries, and from my own clinical impressions, but especially in the view that heredity cases when they do not die, as so many do, in the onset of the disease, are generally more chronic in their course toward death or recovery than acquired cases. And it may be said that the knowledge of inherit¬ ance, though depressing to the descendant, is also salutary in inducing prudence of life and a ready resort to medical aid when attacked. THE ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTION OP ACETANILID.
polychromatic cell as seen in the fixed preparation, and are due to the same causes. 3. Owing to the greater delicacy of the vifal staining method, the reticulated forms will always be found in considerably greater percentages than stippled or polychromatophilic cells. 4. All these phenomena are evidences of cell regeneration and are indications of the activity of the blood-forming organs. 5. Reticulated forms occur in normal blood in slightly less than 1%; in certain pathological conditions they may be present up to 22% (J. B. H.) or even up to 65% (Chauffard and Feissinger). 6. A study of the reticulated forms in pathological conditions of the blood, especially in secondary anemias, is of value in diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. I wish to express my indebtedness to Dr. F. C. Shattuck for the privilege of examining the blood of patients in his wards, on which this study is based. To other members of the staff who have allowed me to examine their patients, I am similarly indebted. Likewise I wish to thank Dr. James H. Wright, director of the Pathological Laboratory, who first suggested the investigation to me, and who has given me constant advice and many valuable suggestions. For the accompanying microphotographs I am indebted to Mr. L.
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