Ideally, accurate seismic attenuation estimation is extremely useful for reservoir characterization, subtle geological structure identification, and seismic signal compensation. However, seismic attenuation not only distorts their amplitudes but also disperses seismic waves, which gives rise to a number of issues and renders the accurate attenuation estimation impossible. As the measurement of attenuation, the absolute value of quality factor Q does not interest us in seismic interpretation, and the relative value is more important. Instead of struggling to characterize the accurate Q value, we propose a package of seismic spectrum characterization based attenuation attributes to evaluate apparent attenuation effects. The proposed attributes assume the seismic wave is propagating through the earth as a Richer wavelet. Based on this, the attributes' validities are proved analytically in this paper (Part 1: Methodology). Using field data results (presented in the following paper, see Part 2), it is shown that the proposed seismic attenuation attributes are effective and robust for seismic interpretation compared to previous Q estimation results.
Footprint noise triggered by acquisition can generate artifacts which suppress the real subsurface features. The repeatable patterns of acquisition footprint are often the bane of seismic interpreters, consequently, it should be removed before seismic interpretation and imaging. According to the analysis by Douze and Laster (1979) on the significance of velocity-based semblance, we use the statistical significance of coherence instead of coherence, to preserve structural edge while applying structure-oriented filtering. In this paper, we inspect the statistical significance of coherence and apply it to the analysis of volumetric coherence edge detection and edge-preserved structure-oriented filtering of the Westcam survey.
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