BackgroundApproximately 1. 07 million people in Vietnam are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). To address this epidemic, the South East Asian Research Collaborative in Hepatitis (SEARCH) launched a 600-patient cohort study and two clinical trials, both investigating shortened treatment strategies for chronic HCV infection with direct-acting antiviral drugs. We conducted ethnographic research with a subset of trial participants and found that the majority were aware of HCV infection and its implications and were motivated to seek treatment. However, people who inject drugs (PWID), and other groups at risk for HCV were under-represented, although injecting drug use is associated with high rates of HCV.Material and MethodsWe designed a community-based participatory research (CBPR) study to engage in dialogues surrounding HCV and other community-prioritized health issues with underserved groups at risk for HCV in Ho Chi Minh City. The project consists of three phases: situation analysis, CBPR implementation, and dissemination. In this paper, we describe the results of the first phase (i.e., the situation analysis) in which we conducted desk research and organized stakeholder mapping meetings with representatives from local non-government and community-based organizations where we used participatory research methods to identify and analyze key stakeholders working with underserved populations.ResultsTwenty six institutions or groups working with the key underserved populations were identified. Insights about the challenges and dynamics of underserved communities were also gathered. Two working groups made up of representatives from the NGO and CBO level were formed.DiscussionUsing the information provided by local key stakeholders to shape the project has helped us to build solid relationships, give the groups a sense of ownership from the early stages, and made the project more context specific. These steps are not only important preliminary steps for participatory studies but also for other research that takes place within the communities.
This study investigated the content of aflatoxin, ochratoxin A, zearalenone, deoxynivalenol and fumonisin B1 in some food product. Samples were extracted and cleaned by QUEChERS approach. The extract was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The positive samples were reconfirmed by standard methods using immunoaffinity extraction. The detection limit of the method for aflatoxin, fumonisin B1, ochratoxin A, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone were 0.5, 30, 0.5, 60, and 3.0 µg/kg, respectively. The recoveries of all analytes were in the range of 70 - 110%. The repeatability coefficient of variation were in the range of 5,1 - 13%. Among the 300 food samples tested, there were 43 samples detected with studied mycotoxins, accounting for 14.3%, mainly focusing on unprocessed cereals. In which, 10 spice samples, 04 peanuts and sesame samples, 01 candy sample, 01 sample of nutritious cereal flour, and 01 food supplement sample were found to be contaminated with aflatoxin, ochratoxin A exceeding the maximum level of Ministry Of Health according to QCVN 8-1 : 2011/BYT.
Objective: The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of prosocial behaviors and to examine associated factors among the Vietnamese people during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Two hundred and ninety-two Vietnamese people participated in the study through web-based respondent network sampling. Result: Findings showed that the prevalence of high prosocial behaviors was 75.3%. Conclusion: In the multivariable regression models, significant factors for prosocial behaviors were institutional trust and age. Implications for social education programs were also discussed in this study.
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