Mammalian cells, e.g., CHO, BHK, HEK293, HT-1080, and NS0 cells, represent important manufacturing platforms in bioengineering. They are widely used for the production of recombinant therapeutic proteins, vaccines, anticancer agents, and other clinically relevant drugs. HEK293 (human embryonic kidney 293) cells and their derived cell lines provide an attractive heterologous system for the development of recombinant proteins or adenovirus productions, not least due to their human-like posttranslational modification of protein molecules to provide the desired biological activity. Secondly, they also exhibit high transfection efficiency yielding high-quality recombinant proteins. They are easy to maintain and express with high fidelity membrane proteins, such as ion channels and transporters, and thus are attractive for structural biology and electrophysiology studies. In this article, we review the literature on HEK293 cells regarding their origins but also stress their advancements into the different cell lines engineered and discuss some significant aspects which make them versatile systems for biopharmaceutical manufacturing, drug screening, structural biology research, and electrophysiology applications.

In recent years, with the rapid development of world economy, people's living standards and cultural quality improved significantly, However, the consumption of resources is also more and more , since the scarcity of non-renewable resources and the pollution of the environment increasingly aggravated, all of countries have enacted strict environmental protection law to define the environmental protection obligations of the enterprise. to achieve the purpose of environment protection and sustainable development, building a green supply chain management system is very necessary and important. Green supply chain is to realize the economic sustainable development and an important means of environmental protection a win-win situation. This article focuses on the IT technology and modern information technology in the application of the green supply chain management, such as realizing green production, green logistics.

In the previous complexity measurement models of manufacturing system (MS), all the resources in enterprise were taken into account, so the result is that the models required large amount of information, which makes the model difficult to expand in practice. As the manufacturing system efficiency is determined by key resources. Only improving the key resources production efficiency can the MS efficiency be improved. So the manufacturing system complexity has to been measured based on the key resources firstly. The Optimized Production Technology is applied to the complexity measurement of MS and a new complexity measurement was proposed. With the information entropy, a static complexity measurement model and a dynamic model are built based on key resources. A case was used to verify the feasibility of the developed model. The advantages and shortcomings of the manufacturing system's complexity measurement were deduced based on key resources at last.

The methods of QC have significant effects on SMEs’ product quality and may influence the development of the majority of SMEs. In recent years, the principal problems concerning QC for SMEs are that the methods are inefficient and in low degree of application, the workers are not rigorous enough toward self-checking or cross-checking etc. These cause many problems such as the enhanced randomness of product quality problem and the increased working load of quality inspectors, and finally lead to the decrease of enterprise’s quality assurance ability. After analyzing the main problems in SMEs’ QC and their causal factors, the standard method of QC is discussed. Measures such as providing technology support, clarifying responsibilities, establishing the rapid feedback system and improving the visual management of QC are proposed to improve the low application efficiency of QC methods adopted in SMEs and increase the QC effect on the whole process of production.

As for the information need of the supplier production status in order allocation, parameter of production load rate was introduced to represent the status within the order delivery time. Analysis on the characteristics of the production load rate was made at first after its definition was given. Then after a key resource collection was built based on the key process of production, together with introduction of the algorithm of the load as far as the key resource collection and different scheduling modes are concerned, the calculation model of the supplier production load rate was built. Furthermore, the practicability of the algorithm was illustrated by the example.