Purpose -Despite the fact that Hispanics are the largest and fastest growing segment of the population and that 44 percent of Hispanics of 18 years of age and older speak English less than very well, research examining the impact of Spanish-accented English on employment-related decisions has been scarce. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the effects of the accent (standard American English and Mexican Spanish) of a hypothetical job applicant on employment-related judgments and hiring decisions. Design/methodology/approach -Participants made employment-related decisions (i.e. job suitability ratings, likelihood of a promotion, and hiring decision) and judgments of personal attributes (i.e. perceived competence and warmth) of a hypothetical applicant for an entry-level software engineering job. The accent of the applicant was manipulated using the matched-guise technique. Findings -Results showed that compared to an applicant with a standard American-English accent, one with a Mexican-Spanish accent was at a disadvantage when applying for the software engineering job. The Mexican-Spanish-accented applicant was rated as less suitable for the job and viewed as less likely to be promoted to a managerial position. In addition, fewer participants decided to hire the Mexican-Spanish-accented applicant than the standard American English-accented applicant. Practical implications -Given the negative evaluations of the Mexican-Spanish-accented applicant, recruiters and interviewers should be selected who do not view foreign accents negatively. Furthermore, organizations should make a conscious effort to regard foreign accents as assets to their businesses. Originality/value -This research contributes to our understanding of how foreign accents influence decisions that have important economic consequences for individuals.
This study examines intra-generational and intergenerational mobility of employment and income in Vietnam during the 2004–2014 period. It finds there was high mobility across occupations but less mobility across wage-job employment and economic sectors. Upward labour mobility increased over time because of the increase in skilled occupations. The intergenerational elasticity of earnings is estimated at around 0.36. Education plays an important role in increasing intra-generational as well as intergenerational mobility. The earning intergenerational elasticity for children with less than primary education is rather high, at 0.51, while this intergenerational elasticity for those with a college or university degree is much lower at 0.17.
We examine whether there are more information based trading activities that are generated around the time of earnings announcements. We distinguish between the influence of information based traders, especially short sellers, and market information quality through the reaction of participants to new information derived from corporate earnings announcements. We find that informed traders do take advantage of overpriced stocks, and do short stocks before the confirmation of past expectations of future cash flows from corporates. We apply Standardized Unexpected Earnings (SUE) in the method and our result indicates that informed traders are more likely to take advantage of overpriced stocks, using a tool (shorting) that is not traditionally used by unsophisticated investors. We also demonstrate an unique finding that informed traders follow stock analysts not for investing advice, but to take advantage of those unsophisticated investors that buy in to the rhetoric expressed by financial analysts.
There are many security models for computer networks using a combination of Intrusion Detection System and Firewall proposed and deployed in practice. In this paper, we propose and implement a new model of the association between Intrusion Detection System and Firewall operations, which allows Intrusion Detection System to automatically update the firewall filtering rule table whenever it detects a weirdo intrusion. This helps protect the network from attacks from the Internet.
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