to study the effect of nine post-harvest treatments viz., fruit dipping in NAA at 100 mg L -1 , gibberellic acid at 100 mg L -1 , salicylic acid at 5 mM L -1 , covering the fruit with perforated polythene and newspaper bag, fruit coating with wax at 60 g L -1 , fruit dipping in maleic hydrazide at 500 mg L -1 , covering of fruit with dry straw and control, on fruit physico-chemical qualities and shelf life of pineapple cv. Giant Kew. Experiment was laid out in complete randomized design with three replications. Study revealed that among the different treatments, fruits treated with GA 3 at 100 mg L -1 showed delayed response of ripening and high shelf life (19.05 days) during storage. At 15 DAS, skin colour remained quarter yellow (average score: 3.2), flesh colour remained more white than yellow (average score: 3), whereas, fruits showed considerably higher amount of TSS (20.41°Brix), TSS : acid ratio (20.21), total sugar (13.67%) and ascorbic acid content (18.49 mg 100 g pulp -1 ) with less weight loss (11.61%) due to this treatment. However, among the other treatments, SA (5.0 mM) performed well in terms of fruit physico-chemical properties and shelf life. SA treated fruits showed less external disease (average score: 1.8) and fruit decay (average score: 2.0) with high juice content (71.63%) and TSS (19.12 °Brix) at 15 DAS along with high shelf life (17.05 days).
BACKGROUND: Tractors emit high intensity noise and prolonged exposure to high intensity noise causes hearing loss to the drivers. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to measure noise intensity at the tractor drivers’ ear level and hearing loss among tractor drivers. METHODS: Noise intensity was measured on 6 models of tractors which were operated with 5 different tillage implements. In order to assess hearing loss, audiometric test was performed at 7 frequencies, i.e. 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 6000, and 8000 Hz among 30 tractor drivers and 30 control group subjects. All the selected tractor drivers and control group subjects were also interviewed to obtain personal information and noise exposure details. RESULTS: The tractor drivers were exposed to noise intensity in the range of 91.7–97.5 dB(A). Audiogram analysis shows that the hearing threshold levels were significantly (p < 0.05) higher among the tractor drivers as compared with the control group subjects. The effect was significantly (p < 0.05) more on the left ear as compared with the right ear among the tractor drivers. Increase in age has significant (p < 0.05) effect on the hearing threshold levels on the left ear. Prevalence of high frequency hearing loss was 50% among tractor drivers as compared with 10% among control group subjects. Hearing loss was significantly (p < 0.05) more in the low frequency as compared with the high frequency among the tractor drivers. CONCLUSION: Indian tractor operators are exposed to high noise levels which may result in hearing loss. It is recommended that hearing conservation programs should be initiated to prevent noise hazard on hearing loss among the tractor drivers.
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