Handheld personal digital assistants (PDAs) have undergone continuous and substantial improvements in hardware and graphics capabilities, making them a compelling platform for novel developments in teleradiology. The latest PDAs have processor speeds of up to 400 MHz and storage capacities of up to 80 Gbytes with memory expansion methods. A Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM)-compliant, vendor-independent handheld image access system was developed in which a PDA server acts as the gateway between a picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and PDAs. The system is compatible with most currently available PDA models. It is capable of both wired and wireless transfer of images and includes custom PDA software and World Wide Web interfaces that implement a variety of basic image manipulation functions. Implementation of this system, which is currently undergoing debugging and beta testing, required optimization of the user interface to efficiently display images on smaller PDA screens. The PDA server manages user work lists and implements compression and security features to accelerate transfer speeds, protect patient information, and regulate access. Although some limitations remain, PDA-based teleradiology has the potential to increase the efficiency of the radiologic work flow, increasing productivity and improving communication with referring physicians and patients.
The creation of radiology teaching modules has historically required manual offline authoring. Our system can integrate with commercial PACS to allow clinicians to author teaching modules at their clinical PACS workstations without further manual input. Our system provides a DICOM interface and an automated teaching file database. We tested our system with the PACS deployed at our institution (GE Medical Systems, Milwaukee, WI). We used a networked Windows workstation (Microsoft, Redmond, WA) running SQL Server 2000, registered on our PACS system as a DICOM receiver.Teaching files were created at clinical workstations and any desired annotation and cataloguing instructions were added using standard annotation tools. The files were pushed using DICOM network transfer. Anonymizing, annotation and cataloguing were done automatically using DICOM header information. Additional information from our HIS/RIS system was transmitted using private DICOM header fields. Teaching files were then added to the web -accessible teaching module database. We present a system that integrates the creation of teaching files into the daily clinical workflow, allowing clinicians to immediately publish interesting cases from their clinical workstation. Our system uses standard protocols and requires minimal configuration to integrate with existing PACS systems, enabling a low-cost, expandable and vendor independent solution. Downloaded From: http://proceedings.spiedigitallibrary.org/ on 06/20/2016 Terms of Use: http://spiedigitallibrary.org/ss/TermsOfUse.aspx Proc. SPIE Vol. 4685 * cfb@s-word.stanford.edu; phone 1 650 725-8018; fax 1 650 725-7296; http://www-radiology.stanford.edu/;
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