Objectives: Mesiodens are the most common supernumerary teeth, occurring in 0.15% to 2.2% of the population. The aim of the present study was to analyze the frequency and radiological features of mesiodens in the pediatric population. Material and methods: The study was based on the radiographic evaluation of 4133 pediatric patients of the age range of 4-15 years, attending the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology during the time period between September 2008 to December 2012. In addition to the presence of a supernumerary tooth between the 2 central incisors, data regarding the number, position, shape and associated complications were also recorded. Results: The prevalence of mesiodens in the present study was 1.4%. The prevalence was estimated using a 95% confidence interval. The ratio of boys to girls was 1.8:1 and majority of cases (89.7%) had 1 mesiodens. Most of the mesiodens (59.6%) were aligned in a vertical position. 39 mesiodens (62.9%) were impacted, while 14 (22.6%) were partially erupted and only 9 (14.5%) were completely erupted into occlusion. The main complication associated with the mesiodens was midline diastema (28.6%) and 16 patients were asymptomatic. Conclusion: Mesiodens can result in spacing in the arch, delayed or ectopic eruption of the permanent incisors, further altering the occlusion and esthetics of the patient or may remain asymptomatic. It is therefore important for the practitioners to diagnose a mesiodens early in development to allow for optimal treatment plan. Key words:Mesiodens, prevalence, pediatric population, midline diastema.

Dentin dysplasia, a rare hereditary disorder of dentin formation, is characterized by normal enamel but atypical dentin formation along with abnormal pulpal morphology. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. It has been divided into two clinical entities: type I (radicular) and type II (coronal). Early diagnosis and initiation of effective regular dental treatments may help the patients with this condition to delay or prevent the loss of the entire dentition and help them in cope up with edentulous state in early ages. The condition undoubtedly has a negative impact on the physical and psychological well-being of the affected individual. Numerous factors have to be considered during the prosthetic rehabilitation of patients with dentin dysplasia. Treatment protocol varies according to clinical case. Although literature reports suggest general guidelines for treatment planning, the present case report describes a full mouth rehabilitation of an 8-year-old female patient with dentin dysplasia.How to cite this article: Khandelwal S, Gupta D, Likhyani L. A Case of Dentin Dysplasia with Full Mouth Rehabilitation: A 3-year Longitudinal Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7(2): 119-124.

The present case highlights the endodontic management of a maxillary second molar with three roots and seven canals. Root canal treatment was performed for the maxillary second molar diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. During the procedure under magnification, extra canals were detected in the mesiobuccal root. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) evaluation confirmed four canals in the mesiobuccal root with Vertucci's Type XXI (4-1) pattern. The distobuccal root exhibited two canals with Vertucci's Type III (1-2-1) configuration. The palatal canal was single and large. A 4 year follow-up revealed satisfactory clinical and radiographic findings. Magnification and CBCT allow us to explore possible anatomic variations with insights to tackle such situations clinically.

Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been successfully used for inducing pulp regeneration in nonvital teeth. This case report highlights the difference between the outcomes of using PRF and PRP for pulp regeneration in a 13-year-old male patient, who had reported with endodontic treatment failure in his upper incisors. Gutta-percha and sealant were removed, and triple antibiotic paste (TAP) was placed in all the root canals and sealed with cavit. Subsequently, after TAP removal, 11 and 12 were treated with PRF, while 21 and 22 were treated with PRP. A resorbable matrix was placed over the PRF/PRP, over which mineral trioxide aggregate and glass ionomer cement were placed. After 2 years, all the upper maxillary incisors revealed dentinal wall thickening, root lengthening, and apical closure. However, apical bridge formation occurred only in incisors treated with PRF.

The present study aimed to assess the co-occurrence of taurodontism in nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP) patients in a subset of Indian population using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The study was a retrospective case–control kinds assessing 1500 CBCT scans over a period of 2 years; 67 scans out of 1500 showed cleft lip and palate (CLP). After fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 38 subjects out of 67 comprised the case group; 80 randomly selected subjects constituted the control group. The first and second permanent molars in both the arches (8 teeth) of each subject were assessed for the presence and severity of taurodontism using the objective criteria. Statistical analysis was done using the χ2 test. Inter and intraobserver agreement was evaluated by Kappa statistics. 71.05% subjects showed taurodontism in case group, while 45% subjects showed its presence in control group; results being significant for both the groups. However, the comparison of number of teeth with taurodontism in the 2 groups came out to be statistically insignificant. Also no significant association of taurodontism was seen with gender or the different types of cleft ( P = .437). Hypotaurodontism was the most prevalent type. There was a higher prevalence of taurodontism in both groups which had been underestimated in the previous studies. This emphasizes the significance of the use of CBCT in detection of dental anomalies which would otherwise go undetected.