Background: Traumatic brain injury is one of most common cause of death in road traffic accident. Most of these classified as mild injury, with approximately 20% classified as moderate to severe. Approximate 50% of the 150,000 trauma deaths every year are caused by head injury.Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 patients with a head injury admitted in the Hamidia hospital, Bhopal. The assessment of the severity of head injury using Glasgow coma scale (GCS) at the time of admission, follow up on 5 days and 15 days respectively. The collected data were transformed into variables, coded and entered in Microsoft excel. Data were analyzed and statistically evaluated using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS)-PC-21 version.Results: Out of 150, a total of 115 patients had no midline shift while 35 patients were having midline shift. Severe head injury patients (GCS 3-8) were having more morbidity and mortality. Moderate head injury (GCS 9-13) was associated with good prognosis and low mortality. A greater degree of midline shift of (more than 5 mm) is indicated severe head injury and is significantly associated with morbid outcome and higher mortality.Conclusions: In our study, road traffic accidents is the most common cause of head injury, with males being affected more than females. The degree of midline shift on computed tomography (CT) scan head in patients with head injuries was found to be significantly associated with high mortality and morbidity.
Background: Tuberculosis is a communicable disease that is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Abdominal tuberculosis is the sixth most common form and is associated with serious complications like perforation and stricture formation.Methods: Observational and prospective study conducted in Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal from September 2018 to September 2020 included 122 patients, between the age of 16 to 60 years who underwent surgical management of abdominal tuberculosis.Results: The incidence of abdominal tuberculosis was higher in young age groups mostly belonging to male sex. The most common presentation was of subacute intestinal obstruction. On surgical exploration ileocecal tuberculosis was the most common finding which was managed most commonly by segmental resection with anastomosis followed by adhesiolysis and strictureplasty. Post-operative wound infection was the most common complication followed by pulmonary complication which was the most common cause of death.Conclusions: Early diagnosis of abdominal tuberculosis with the help of newer diagnostic tools and early referral to higher centers is necessary to decrease the morbidity and mortality. Early start of anti-tubercular drug therapy along with surgical management can help us reduce the mortality and long-term complications associated with abdominal tuberculosis.
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