Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer affecting women worldwide, and the second leading cancer in Ethiopia. Screening gives protective benefits associated with a reduction in the incidence of invasive cervical cancer and mortality. However, the level of cervical cancer screening uptake is not well document in the country. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and predictors of cervical cancer screening service uptake among women aged 25 years and above in Sidama zone, southern Ethiopia, 2019. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 838 women aged 25 and above years by using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Multi-stage sampling technique was employed to identify households with women age of 25 and above years who were residing in the selected kebele for more than 6 months. Descriptive and multivariable logistic regression done. P-value <0.05 was considered as significant and presented by adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% C.I. This study showed that among 838 women, only 17.8% (95%CI, 15.2%-20.5%) have undergone for cervical cancer screening. Being age of 35-39 (AOR = 5.2, 95% CI = 2.6-10.6), College and above Educational level (AOR = 3.8, 95% CI = 1.5-9.6), Ever had HIV test (AOR = 2.8, 95% CI = 1.82-4.4) and high perceived self-efficacy (AOR = 4.4, 95% CI = 1.527-12.84) were significant predictors for cervical cancer screening service uptake. The magnitude of cervical cancer screening uptake among women aged 25 years and above was lower than that of the recommended coverage of the target group by the national guideline. Age of women, educational status of women, ever had HIV test, and high perceived self-efficacy were important factors of cervical cancer screening service uptake. So it is very crucial improving cervical cancer screening uptake, through creating awareness and educating women, about the advantage of screening in early detection and management of cervical cancer screening utilization

Cancer causes the highest economic loss of all of the leading 15 causes of death worldwide. The economic loss includes the loss of income and the expenses associated with health care costs. The Low awareness of the community toward cancer, the inadequacy of professionals and service providers, and the high budget consuming nature of the treatments are creating a great burden on the cancer patients. The objective of this study was to calculate patient side cancer treatment cost and to assess the contributing factors, among the cancer patients who were treated at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. The health facility based cross-sectional study design was employed using a consecutive sampling technique. Questionnaires was used to collect primary data; while chart was used to collect the secondary data. Indirect costs incurred on these patients due to off job days were checked. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied to illustrate the data. On average, $209.99 was spent on treatment by each cancer patients. Of these, medication cost is the highest ($20.77, IQR = 0.53-112.56) from the direct medical costs, and transportation cost is the highest ($58.33, IQR = 22.0-131.67) from the indirect medical costs. Inpatients paid $245.16 (IQR = 147.64-439.20); while outpatients paid $147.37 (IQR = 81.42-240.50). The patients lose about 55.99% of their average annual income. Outpatients pay $0, 92 less than in patients ( P = 0.00, CI -0.72-0.34), and the cost increases by $0.2 for the patients who came from Oromia. The cost of transportation and medication were the one which were significantly affecting the burden; but the total cost of treatment was lesser when compared to similar studies done in different areas. The cost balances toward the patients who came from the Oromiya region. Treatment service has to be extended to West Arsi Zone to minimize the cost of transportation and awareness about cancer is needed in the first place and due attention has to be given to thyroid cancer. Furthermore, facility side study should be done to see the complete picture of the burden.

Breast cancer is the commonest cancer and the second most common cancer related death next to lung cancer among women in the world and most of African countries. In Ethiopia, it is the second common cancer among women next to cervical cancer with estimated incidence rate of 19.5 per 100,000 and estimated death rate of 11.8 per 100,000 females are reported [1]. American Cancer Society (2010) reported that breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death among women in Southern Africa (9,000 cases, 4,500 deaths) and Northern Africa (28,000 cases, 14,600 deaths).The report also showed that currently breast cancer has become the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women in Sub-Saharan African countries and its incidence rates have nearly doubled over the past two decades. According to the top ten cancer burdens classifications by topography and sex in Addis Ababa city, breast cancer was one of the commonest cancers and accounts for 617 cases (583 females and 34 males) out of 1769 cancer cases [2].Although breast cancer prevalence in developed countries is more than developing countries, the majority of breast cancer mortality (69%) occurs in developing countries like Ethiopia [3].The mortality rate and survival rate of the disease depends on the ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACTBreast cancer is the second most common cancer related death next to lung cancer among women in the world and most of African countries, including Ethiopia. In developing countries like Ethiopia, mortality rate is higher than that of developed countries because patients are found in advanced stage of the disease, where little or nothing can be done. To assess the awareness of breast cancer, breast self-examination practice and health seeking behavior for breast cancer among women in Leku town, Sidama Region, southern Ethiopia. A community based cross sectional study was employed. Systematic random sampling technique was used as a data collection technique. Structured and semistructured questionnaire was used and data collectors were trained on data collection process and techniques in order to collect valid information to meet the proposed study objectives. About 206 (61.31%) women, who participated on this study, have ever heard about breast cancer. From these only 28 (13.6%) were found to have good knowledge. Nearly about half 102(49.5%) of the women, who are informed about breast cancer, believe that early detection of breast cancer improves survival. The result showed, out of the women who reported to have had breast cancer information, 94(45.6%) have ever heard/read about breast self-examination, but only 13(13.8%) practice breast selfexamination and 256(76.2%) of the participant have a positive health seeking behavior. The study participants have very poor knowledge about breast cancer. Furthermore, low and improper breast self-examination practice was observed.