Background Female genital mutilation is procedure involving partial or total removal of the external female genitalia for cultural or non-therapeutic reasons. Despite of global concerns, awareness, and campaigns, the prevalence of female genital mutilation remains high in many countries. Objective To assess female genital mutilation: prevalence, associated factors, and health consequences among reproductive age group women in Keffa Zone, Southwest, Ethiopia. Methods A community based cross-sectional study design was employed from March 01 to April 30, 2019. We used a multi stage sampling. Finally, using simple random sampling technique, we selected four Woredas. Consequently, after clustering kebeles, all mothers with daughter/s younger than 15 years and live in clustered kebeles were interviewed. Data were entered into Epi data and exported to SPSS version 23.0. Variables with P-value of less than 0.25 in binary logistic regression analyses were entered into the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was used to determine associations between dependent and independent variables. P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Almost all, 729 (97.2%) of mothers expressed that they heard about female circumcision. However, less than one-fourth, 159 (21.2%) of mothers were circumcised. Among those 159 women ever circumcised, 52 (32.7%) reported that they experienced the complication of female genital mutilation.The prevalence of female genital mutilation of daughters’ younger than 15 years was 12 (1.6%). Rural residence [AOR 6.74, 95% CI (2.70–16.85)], being Muslim and Protestant follower by their religion [AOR 0.19, 95% CI (0.07–0.53] and [AOR 0.54, 95% CI (0.30–0.98)] respectively and occupational status of the husband; Merchant [AOR 7.29; 95% CI (3.66–14.51)], Daily laborer[AOR 2.70, 95% CI (1.14–6.40)] and others (drivers and students) [AOR 6.70, 95% CI (1.55–28.95] were statistically significantly associated with female genital mutilation. Conclusion In this study, prevalence of female genital mutilation practice among daughters and women of reproductive group was low as compared to a national data. However, that much magnitude still seeks attention as Ethiopia planned to end the practice. Religion, place of residence, and occupational status of the husband were statistically significantly associated with female genital mutilation. Therefore, any strategy to end up the practice better considers dimension of all these variables.

Background Members of the nursing profession face problems in relating knowledge with practice. However, there was no study on the correlation between academic and practice performance of pediatrics nursing in Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Mizan-Tepi University using 396 nursing students’ academic and practice achievements on a pediatric nursing course. SPSS version 21.0 was used for analysis. Spearman’s rho correlation (r s ), one way ANOVA, independent t -test and determination coefficient (R 2 ) were computed at p < 0.05. Results The academic performance was strongly correlated with practice performance of the 2015 ( r s (394) = 0.7, p<0.001) and 2017 ( r s (394) = 0.7, p<0.001) batches of regular students. However, there was a moderate correlation between academic and practice performance for the batch of 2016 regular students (r s (394) = 0.43, p<0.001). There was a moderate correlation between academic and practice performance of the 2015 ( r s (394) = 0.6) and 2016 ( r s (394) = 0.51, p<0.001) batches of summer students. Linear regression analysis showed that academic performance explained 17.9% to 44.1% of variability in practice performance of the regular students. The linear regression analysis also showed that academic performance explained 26.5% to 41.2% of the variability in the practice performance of summer students. Independent T -test revealed significant mean performance difference by admission type (academic (t (144.7) = 6.43, p<0.001) and practice (t (115.5) = 5.71, p<0.001)). The mean performance difference significantly varied with sex both at academic (t (394) = 3.38, p=0.001) and practice (t (394) = 4.57, p<0.001) levels. Conclusion There was a moderate to strong correlation between academic and practice performance. In addition to academic performance, variation in practice was also explained by other factors which deserve more study. Enhancing academic performance can further increase practice performance. In general, the achievements of regular and male students at pediatrics was statistically significantly higher than their counterparts. Hence, female and summer nursing students deserve extra support from nurse educators to enhance their performance.

Ethiopia has a high neonatal mortality rate in spite of dearth of study. Therefore we aimed to assess magnitude and associated factors of neonatal mortality among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care units of Wollega University Referral Hospital. Accordingly, a facility based cross-sectional study was conducted on 289 by reviewing medical records of neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit. The collected data were entered in to Epi data version 3.1 and Stata version 14 used for analysis. Variables with P-value  < 0.25 at with 95% confidence interval in binary logistic regression analysis were taken to the multiple logistic regression analysis. Finally, variables with Likewise, variable with P-value < 0.05 at 95% confidence interval in multiple logistic regression analysis were considered as statistically significant. Among 289 neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit, 53 (18.34 %) were died. Majority 42(79.25%) of those deaths occurred at ≤ 7 days of birth. Preterm [AOR 4.15, 95% CI (1.67-10.33)], neonates faced birth asphyxia [AOR 3.26, 95% CI (1.33-7.98)], neonates who developed sepsis [AOR 2.29 95% CI (1.01-5.20)] and neonates encountered with jaundice [(AOR 11.08, 95% CI (1.03-119.59)] were more at risk to die. In general, the magnitude of neonatal mortality among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit was high. Gestational age (maturity of new born), birth asphyxia, neonatal sepsis and neonatal jaundice were predictors of neonatal mortality. Neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit with sepsis, jaundice, and birth asphyxia demand special attention to reduce neonatal mortality.

Introduction: Helping Babies Breathe (HBB) training is a key strategy to decrease neonatal mortality. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of HBB on knowledge outcome and to assess the knowledge outcome in relation to different variables in Southern Nations, Nationalities and People's Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia. Methods: A pre-and post-test study was conducted using data from HBB trainings given for health workers. The training was given for 2.5 days and the knowledge outcome was evaluated using validated 18 questions. The post-test was given immediately after the training. Data were entered into Epi Info 7 and imported to SPSS version 21. The paired sample t-test was used to compare pre-and post-test means. The independent sample t-test was used to determine the relationship between knowledge outcome with sex, education level, and health facility. One way ANOVA with post hoc test was computed for comparing the knowledge outcome of the training among different professions. The general linear model (GLM) was used to determine the main and interaction effects. The statistical significance was determined at p<0.05. Results: In this study, we assessed the knowledge outcome of 98 trainees. The trainees' mean knowledge score increased from 64.4% (pre-test) to 80.7% (post-test). The difference was statistically significant with p<0.001. Sex (pre-test p=0.003, post-test p=0.005) and education level (pre-test p=0.017, post-test p=0.037) of the trainees were significantly associated with the knowledge outcome while profession and type of health facility were not significant (p>0.05). The GLM showed that the interaction effects of sex, education level, profession, and type of health facility over the knowledge outcome were non-significant (p>0.05). Conclusion:The knowledge outcome of trainees significantly improved after the HBB training. It was significantly varied with sex and education level both at pre-and post-test. Therefore, these variables need consideration when arranging HBB trainings.

Objective The aim of this evaluation was to assess the effectiveness of helping baby breathe (HBB) and essential care for every baby (ECEB) training program that has been implemented in southern nations nationalities and people’s region (SNNPR), Ethiopia. Result The mean trainees’ satisfaction score was 32.88 (SD ± 2.68). The majority (93.88%) of the trainees scored ≥ mean. All trainees expressed that all parts of the training were important but the updated parts of the training were most useful to them. The mean knowledge score of trainees for HBB training increased from 64.42 (SD ± 17.43) before the training to 80.71 (SD ± 14.36) after the training. The increment was statistically significant at p < 0.001. For ECEB training, the mean knowledge score of the trainees was increased from 59.10 (SD ± 13.18) before the training to 73.73 (SD ± 14.17) after the training. The improvement was statistically significant at p < 0.001.