One novel alkaloid, 1,5-diphenyl-3-styryl-2-pyrazoline 1, in addition with six known flavonoids namely, kaempferol, kaempferol 3-O-glucoside, kaempferol 3-rutinoside, quercetin, quercetin 3-O-glucoside, and rutin, were isolated from the aerial parts of Euphorbia guyoniana. Their structures were established on the basis of physical and spectroscopic analysis, and by comparison with the literature data.
The essential oils obtained from Origanum glandulosum Desf., collected from two different localities of northeastern Algeria, Constantine and Jijel, and from O. syriacum var. syriacum grown at El-Aghwar (northern Jordan) and El-Shubak (southern Jordan), were analyzed by GC-MS. p-Cymene (6.6% and 7.5%) and γ-terpinene (13.4% and 14.5%) were found in O. glandulosum grown at Constantine and Jijel, respectively, in addition to the major components thymol (34.2%, 51.1%) and carvacrol (30.5%, 6.8%). The oil of O. syriacum L. var syriacum (Boiss.) Ietswaart from El-Shubak was mainly represented by thymol (51.8%) and carvacrol (34.4%), while the oil from El-Aghwar was a thymol-chemotype (72.4%), along with γ-terpinene (7.8%) and p-cymene (5.4%).
Stachys genus (Lamiaceae) has shown various activities such as anti-inflammatory [1], antimicrobial [2], and antioxidant [3] activities. Because of the various biological interests in the secondary metabolites (flavonoids, diterpenes, phenylethanoid glycosides) of this genus, we have made a phytochemical study of the antioxidant activity of the species Stachys ocymastrum (L.) Briq. [4]. Aerial parts of Stachys ocymastrum (L.) Briq. were collected from Djebel El-Ouahch-Constantine (North Eastern Algeria) in June 2005 during the flowering stage. A voucher specimen has been deposited in the Herbarium of the Department of Chemistry, University Mentouri-Constantine, and authenticated by Prof. G. De Belair (University of Annaba, Algeria).Air-dried and powdered aerial parts (890 g) of Stachys ocymastrum were macerated in a methanolic solution (70%) at room temperature. The extract was concentrated under low pressure, diluted, and filtered, then successively extracted with petroleum ether, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol.Compound 1 was isolated as a yellow solid that precipitated from the ethyl acetate extract; then, the butanolic and the ethyl acetate extracts were concentrated under reduced pressure. The two extracts were combined and column chromatographed on Polyamid SC6 with a gradient of toluene-MeOH with increasing polarity, affording compound 2 from fraction F-75. Successive separations using preparative TLC on silica gel eluted with CH 2
Five known flavonoids (1-5) and three sesquiterpene lactones (6-8) are reported for the first time from the endemic species Centaurea sulphurea Willd. (Asteraceae). Compound 7 is a new heliangolide (6R, 7R, 8S, 3'R)-8α-(3',4'-dihydroxymethylene-2'-butanoyloxy)-15-oxo-helianga-1(10), 4(5), 11(13)-trien-6,12-olide, named as sulphurein.
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