This study investigates numerically heat transfer augmentation using water-based Al 2 O 3 nanofluid flowing in a circular cross-sectional tube under constant inlet temperature in laminar flow conditions. The Al2O3/water nanofluid with different volume fractions (3% and 5%) and twisted tape twist ratio of (H/D =1.85) are employed, and Reynolds numbers of 678 to 2033 in a laminar flow are considered. The numerical analysis is used to solve the governing partial differential equations in three dimensions. Results of the flow structure, velocity vector, and temperature field are reported. The numerical results indicate that the heat transfer rate becomes more remarkable when employing nanofluid. The maximum 46% enhancement is obtained in the convective heat transfer coefficient by using Al 2 O 3 /water nanofluid at 5% particle volume fraction and Reynolds number of 678, comparing with pure water. It is also found that heat transfer enhancement increases with an increase in the particle volume concentration and Reynolds number.
This paper presents an experimental and numerical analysis of the effect of the geometric parameter on the two-phase flow (white kerosene-water) flow pattern system. The investigation was carried out using three lengths (1, 2 and 3) m of rectangular horizontal smooth channel and three channel heights of (5, 7.5 and 10) cm respectively. The flow conditions for the input water velocity (0.2 m/s) and the input kerosene velocity (0.1 m/s) for both measurements have been investigated. Two-inlet techniques have been employed. Firstly, at the inlet, the kerosene was on top of the bath. Then, second, from the center, the kerosene inlets (water is above and below the kerosene). A numerical verification analysis was introduced using the ANSYS software using the method of volume of fluid (VOF) and mixture multiphase flow modeling coupled with the normal k-ε turbulence schemes. A collection of seven methods of CFD types is explored by running 224 instances. Comparisons were made between numerical and experimental works.
A double-sided solar cell (a bifacial photovoltaic (PV) cell arrangement) consisting of two back-to-back silicon photovoltaic cells is examined in this paper, and compared with a Monofacial cell. It was installed on a two-axis solar tracker. Temperature and radiation were monitored on sunny noonday in El-Marg city, Libya. The purpose of this investigation is to demonstrate the generation and matching of bifacial solar cells made by back-stacking two monoclinic solar cells. The face in the front accepts direct solar radiation, while the face in the back accepts indirect solar radiation that is reproduced from the ground, clouds, and surrounding buildings. The chief focus is on determining how ambient temperature affects the performance of bifacial photovoltaic panels. On two hot summer days in Al-Marg city, important photovoltaic parameters of the binary system (short-circuit photocurrent density, open circuit photovoltaic voltage, maximum power conversion efficiency) was verified. The PV performance of each individual cell shows remarkable variability with the movement of the tracer to the effect of radiation and the surface temperature of each cell. The results showed that the back cell performs better than the front cell. Although the back cell was exposed to fewer illuminations, it provided the front with higher power conversion efficiency than the front cell.
With the beginning of 2020, the Corona virus pandemic began, which negatively affected all of humanity, as medical and engineering research began to solve many problems faced by society during the era of the virus. Those who are exposed to this situation are among the medical staff responsible for treating and quarantining patients with the Corona virus. It has become the responsibility of engineers to develop solutions to the ventilation problem in order to limit the spread of this virus. Where the aim of this research paper was to study the effect of distance between patient and nurse and the effect of ventilation on the spread of the Corona virus. where a simulation model was created a room with real and 3D dimensions was studied with a patient lying down and the nurse treating him next to him. Where the room contains an air conditioner, two outlets for the airflow and an opening for the patient's mouth to simulate the exit of carbon dioxide gas from his mouth. Where the different and high speeds were studied to find out their effect on the spread of the virus abroad and its disposal. The result proves the best flow velocity of the ventilation system is 20 m/s, which led to a large limitation of the waiting for the Corona virus. The best place for the patient and the airway in the room should not be in the same airway, and the best place is between them. where these results serve as a reference for the engineering of medical rooms in terms of the effect of ventilation and distance of the pathogen on the spread of the Corona virus.
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