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Nine medicinal or herbal plants used in Iraq were analyzed to determine natural radioactivity. The radionuclides were determined by Gross alpha, beta and gamma spectrometry Proportional counter + NaI(Tl) detector type(XLB5) and gamma-ray spectroscopy with (HPGe) techniques. The activity concentration of 40 K ranged from 124.1 Bq/kg in (Crust sample) to 88.3 Bq/kg in (Chamomile sample), for gross alpha ranged from (N.D.) in (Flax sample) to 0.4 cpm in (Anise sample), while for beta ranged from 5.7 cpm in (Flax sample) to 25.6 cpm in (Latency sample) and for gamma ranged from 0.6 cpm in (Thyme sample) to 5.10 cpm in (Coriander and Flax samples).

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The specific activity of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K in the soil samples collected from Al-Kasik Oil Refinery in Nineveh Governorate, Iraq, were assessed by 𝜸-spectroscopy analysis using a NaI(Tl). Results show that the average of the measured specific activities of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K are 19.80±0.948Bq/kg,13.65±1.021Bq/kg and 213.71±8.896Bq/kg, respectively. The average specific activity of these radionuclides was compared with the world average value. The radiological hazard indices were calculated for each of 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K and compared with the internationally recommended standard exposure limits, as they were within those limits. The study showed that the soil in the study area may not pose a significant risk to workers and residents close to the area. However, further studies and investigations into the level of exposure of flora and fauna in that area are necessary.