classification based on the proportion of condomless sex occasions is 100%, which would not distinguish him meaningfully from the man in Example 1.Example 3. A woman had sex with two male partners, steady HIV-negative and exchange HIV-unknown. The one sex occasion with the steady partner was condomless; with the exchange partner, she had seven sex occasions, of which one was condomless vaginal and three were condomless anal (total sex occasions = 8; condomless sex occasions = 5). Thus, RI 1 (Partner 1) = 0.01*(0.08*1) = 0.001; RI 2 (Partner 2) = 0.90*(0.01*1+1.38*3) = 3.74; RI Total = 0.001+3.74 = 3.74. The proportion of condomless sex occasions would be 62.5%. Relative to Example 1, the RI shows this person's risk approximating his, though the proportion of condomless occasions shows her to be at considerably less risk.Using our RI, possible misclassifications of risk based solely on the proportion of condomless sex occasions were identified. RI offers greater precision in estimating risk within psychiatric and potentially other populations now that Brazil is considering pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEPPrEPBrasil.com.br) for those at high risk. Additional behavioral and infection rate data are needed to further differentiate and validate high risk.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to describe the socio-demographic and clinical variables, identify the determinants of length of stay and estimate the cost of inpatient treatment of schizophrenia in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: A non-concurrent cohort was conducted in three psychiatric hospitals of Minas Gerais, Brazil. The data was collected from patients' records in loco. The association between dependent and independent variables was evaluated via linear regression. The costs were calculated through an absorption costing method. Results: 1,928 patients that met the inclusion criteria were identified. Most patients were male, had no life partner, studied no more than the middle school, had no occupation and lived in the city of hospital assistance. Haloperidol was the most prescribed antipsychotic drug. Risperidone was the most used second-generation antipsychotic, followed by olanzapine. Average length of stay was 30.3 days (SD = 37.5 days) and the median was 20 days. Female patients, living in cities other than the hospital's, with involuntary or mandatory hospitalizations and in use of a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA) and a first-generation antipsychotic (FGA) were associated to a longer length of stay. Average cost of hospitalization was R$ 11,713.07 (US$ 5,300.03) per hospitalization. Our results were corroborated by literature data. Conclusion: We found that most schizophrenic inpatients were male, single, had a low educational level and no occupational activity. The longer length of stay was associated to the socio-demographic and clinical variables, sex, place of residence, willingness to hospitalization of the patient and antipsychotic use.
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