A monitoria é uma estratégia que pode auxiliar na formação profissional em saúde, ao proporcionar um canal dialógico entre docentes e discentes e favorecer os processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi revisar a literatura sobre monitoria e formação profissional em saúde no Brasil, identificando suas potencialidades e dificuldades. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa com busca sistemática de artigos publicados até abril de 2017 nas bibliotecas SciELO e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Foram recuperados 13 artigos, a maioria sobre monitoria em instituições públicas do Sul e Sudeste, sendo sete somente sobre Enfermagem ou Medicina. Identificou-se como potencialidades da monitoria: estreitamento de relações entre alunos, ampliação do aprendizado e da autonomia discente e aproximação do monitor à docência. As dificuldades foram: escassez de tempo para trabalho em equipe e baixa adesão dos alunos às atividades. Observou-se que a maioria dos estudos possui cunho descritivo e não enfatiza os aspectos teórico-pedagógicos relacionados. Ainda assim, o conjunto dos artigos sugere que a monitoria tem potencial de agregar ao aprendizado autonomia, criticidade e humanização, em consonância com os princípios do Sistema Único de Saúde. Conclui-se que o tema da monitoria encontra-se permeável para novos estudos e reflexões acerca do processo de ensino e aprendizagem voltado às especificidades das diferentes profissões da área de saúde. Seria pertinente discutir nas diversas instâncias acadêmicas os proveitos da monitoria a fim de incorporá-la ao currículo formal e favorecer a participação dos graduandos.
COVID-19 and the digital food environment in Brazil: reflections on the pandemic's influence on the use of food delivery apps COVID-19 e ambiente alimentar digital no Brasil: reflexões sobre a influência da pandemia no uso de aplicativos de delivery de comida COVID-19 y ambiente alimentario digital en Brasil: reflexiones sobre la influencia de la pandemia en el uso de aplicaciones de entrega de comida
Objective: To describe the promotion of food and beverage and marketing strategies used by online food delivery services (OFDS) in a social media platform before and during the pandemic in Brazil. Design: Publicly available data were extracted from OFDS Instagram accounts. Posts published six months immediately before and after the first case of COVID-19 in Brazil were randomly sampled. Two independent authors coded the posts’ content. Food and beverage items featured in posts were classified according to the NOVA food system classification. Marketing strategies were coded according to protocols from previous studies. Setting: Top three OFDS Instagram accounts in Brazil. Participants: Posts published in the period studied (n = 304). Results: During the pandemic, the proportion of posts featuring at least one food item decreased from 71.6% to 40.2%, and the proportion of ultra-processed foods decreased from 57.6% to 27.9%. Before the pandemic, the most widely used marketing strategies were branding elements (80.7%), product imagery (unbranded) (48.9%), and partnerships/sponsorship (35.2%). While, during the pandemic, branding elements (62.2%) continued to be the most applied, but were followed by the use of videos/GIFs/boomerangs (34.1%) and corporate social responsibility (31.7%). The most frequent COVID-19 marketing strategies were “social responsibility in the pandemic” (30.5%), “combatting the pandemic” (28.0%), and “accelerating digitalization” (20.7%). Conclusions: OFDS advertisements on a social media platform placed less emphasis on food items, but improved the nutritional quality of foods and beverages featured in posts. A COVID-washing approach was highlighted, especially through the use of social responsibility marketing during the pandemic.
Objective: To map the scientific research on food environments in Brazil, based on the following questions: How many studies have addressed food environments?; What study designs and methodological approaches were applied?; What is the geographic scope of the studies?; What scenarios and dimensions of food environments were studied?; Which population groups were studied?; How were food environments conceptualized?; What are the main limitations of the studies? Design: Scoping review conducted in four databases, from January 2005 up to December 2022, using different food environment-related terms to cover the main types and dimensions proposed in the literature. The studies were independently selected by two authors. A narrative synthesis was used to summarize the findings. Setting: Brazil. Participants: 130 articles. Results: Scientific research on Brazilian food environments has been increasing. The analytical quantitative approach and the cross-sectional design were the most frequently used. Most articles were published in English. The majority of studies evaluated the community food environment, addressed aspects of the physical dimension, sampled the adult population, had food consumption as an outcome, used primary data, and were carried out in capital cities in the Southeast region. Furthermore, in most articles, no conceptual model was explicitly adopted. Conclusions: Gaps in literature are related to the need for conducting studies in the Brazilian countryside, the support for the formulation of research questions based on conceptual models, the use of valid and reliable instruments to collect primary data, in addition to the need for a greater number of longitudinal, intervention and qualitative studies.
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