RESUMO -O conhecimento dos fatores que influenciam a lixiviação dos herbicidas no solo possibilita o uso seguro do produto do ponto de vista ambiental, além de ser fundamental para que se façam recomendações tecnicamente corretas. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a lixiviação do ametryn em quatro solos brasileiros, com diferentes características físico-químicas, e comparar o método cromatográfico com o biológico em estudos de mobilidade desse herbicida. Os substratos avaliados foram: Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo (LVA) pH 5,40 e pH 6,11, Latossolo Vermelho-Amarelo húmico (LVAh) pH 4,8 e pH 6,24, Latossolo Vermelho (LV) pH 5,00 e pH 6,06 e Latossolo Amarelo (LA) pH 6,30 e 10 profundidades na coluna (0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 30-35, 35-40, 40-45 e 45-50 cm), mais uma testemunha de cada substrato sem aplicação do herbicida, com quatro repetições. Os substratos foram colocados em colunas devidamente preparadas para estudos de mobilidade. A espécie Cucumis sativus foi utilizada como bioindicadora da presença do ametryn. Concluiu-se que os teores de matéria orgânica e pH dos solos avaliados foram as características que mais interferiram na mobilidade do ametryn e que o ensaio biológico se mostrou eficiente como indicador da lixiviação desse herbicida nas colunas. Comprovou-se que o método biológico por bioensaios pode ser utilizado como método preliminar ou complementar ao método instrumental, visando à confirmação de resultados e, ou, redução de custos e tempo das análises.Palavras-chave: herbicida, impacto ambiental, características do solo, bioensaio, cromatografia líquida. (0-5, 5-10, 10-15, 15-20, 20-25, 25-30, 30-35, 35 -40, 40-45 and 45-50 cm) ABSTRACT -The knowledge of the factors that influence herbicide leaching in the soil
Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) survives on alternative diets; however, this induces reproductive diapause. The objective was to evaluate the morphology and morphometry of the reproductive tract of this weevil after feeding on alternative diets. The experimental design was completely randomized with 160 replications and treatments arranged in a factorial design 3 × 3, represented by A. grandis adults fed on 3 food types (fragments of banana (T1) or orange (T2) endocarp, or with cotton squares of cultivar BRS 286 (T3, control)) and three evaluation periods (30, 60, and 90 days) and after each of these periods they were fed with cotton squares for 10 days. The reproductive tract of 100% of A. grandis females fed banana endocarp, orange endocarp, and cotton squares for 30 and 60 days and then cotton squares were morphologically adequate for reproduction, and after 90 days, only 50% of those fed cotton squares were in this condition. The length of the ovarioles and the width of the mature oocyte were greater for A. grandis fed on cotton squares and smaller in those with banana and orange endocarps. Histological sections reveal that male testes even with strong degenerative signals are already producing spermatozoa. On the other hand, females displayed ovaries with nurse cells in the tropharium and some maturing oocytes in the vitellarium. The body length was longer and the testis area and diameter smaller in males fed on cotton squares than in those with banana and orange endocarp. Anthonomus grandis females fed for ≥90 days with alternative food sources do not recover the functionality of their reproductive tract, even after consuming, for 10 days, a diet that favors reproduction. On the other hand, the males remain with their reproductive organs functional with this condition.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.