An evolutive study of the "case-control" type was carried out in an endemic area of Chagas' disease in Minas Gerais State, Brazil, using two cross-section evaluations with an interval of ten years between them (1974-1984). Patients were paired for sex and age. In the first cross-section study 264 pairs one with a positive serology and the other with a negative serology for T. cruzi antibodies were included. In the second evaluation, ten years later, 235 patients among those with previous positive serology and 216 with negative serology were located, but only 110 pairs could be recomposed and reexamined (clinical examination, ECG and Rx of the heart and esophagus). The incidence of chagasic cardiopathy in the cases with positive serology but previously assymptomatic was 38.3% during the ten year period. On the other hand there was a deterioration in 24% of the patients with chagasic cardiopathy since the first examination. Considering all clinical forms of the disease in 34.5% of the patients the clinical situation deteriorated, in 57.3% there was no change and in 8.2% the situation improved. The general mortality in the period was 23% in the chagasic group and 10.6% in the control group, but the lethality by cardiopathy was 17% in chagasic group and only 23.3% in the control group. The mortality was twice as high in males than in females, mainly in the age group from 30 to 59 years.

Foi realizado um estudo seccional de campo do tipo "caso controle" sobre a morbilidade da doença de Chagas em quatro áreas endêmicas no Brasil, duas no Estado de Minas Gerais, uma no Estado do Piauí e outra no Estado da Paraíba, incluindo 716 pares de indivíduos da mesma idade e sexo, cada par constando de um indivíduo com sorologia positiva e outro com sorologia negativa para a infecção chagásica. Com esse tipo de estudo procurou-se determinar o componente exclusivamente chagásico na morbidade da doença em diferentes áreas do país. O gradiente de manifestações clínicas e alterações eletrocardiográficas entre o grupo com sorologia positiva e outro com sorologia negativa, estudado em 264 pares na área de Iguatama-Paris e 274 em Virgem da Lapa, ambas em Minas Gerais, e em 109 pares estudados nas localidades de Colônia e Oitis, em Oeiras, Piauí e em 69 nos municípios de Aguiar e Boqueirão dos Cochos na Paraíba, mostra nitidas diferenças regionais na morbilidade da doença. Nas áreas de Minas Gerais, embora a transmissão natural da infecção estivesse interrompida há 15 e 5 anos, respectivamente, o grau de morbilidade cardiológica pelo componente chagásico, considerando apenas as alterações eletrocardiográficas mais expressivas e específicas, no momento do estudo, foi de aproximadamente 30%, enquanto em Oeiras, no Piauí e em Aguiar e Boqueirão dos Cochos, na Paraíba, mesmo com transmissão ativa da infecção, a morbidade cardiológica pelo componente chagásico foi inferior a 15 e 10%, respectivamente

To evaluate the results of xenodiagnosis in chronic Chagas patients infected for ten years or over in an area where transmission has been stemmed as well as the performance of these tests applied one or more times to determine the presence of the parasite in serum-positive patients for Trypanosoma cruzi infection, 570 xenodiagnosis were performed in 246 patients by exposing each patient to 40 Triatoma infestans nymphs of 3rd/4th stage once, twice or three times, at 30 days intervals. The 570 xenodiagnosis showed overall positive results in 50.7% with a peak 78% in patients under 20 years of age, and 60.5% in those over 60. Of the 158 patients who underwent three xenodiagnosis, 51 (32.3%) had three positive tests, 48 (30.3%) had all negative results, and the remainder had alternating positive and negative findings. There was no difference in number of positive results between the 1st, 2nd and 3rd tests; however, the 1st and 2nd trials added up to 53.2% and the sum total of all three trials was 57.7%.

The relative sensitivity and relative specificity of the direct agglutination (DA) test for the diagnosis of human Trypanosoma cruzi infection were studied in human serum samples, with and without previous treatment with 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME), which were obtained from different areas of Brazil. Results obtained with these tests were related to those obtained with the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) and indirect haemagglutination (IHA) tests. The DA test results from the sample not previously treated with 2-ME did not agree with those from the IIF and IHA tests. On the other hand, the DA test results from the sample previously treated with 2-ME agreed significantly (99.22%) with those from the IIF and IHA tests.