The global economy and worldwide open market of goods and services creates a favorable environment for expanding technological cooperation among countries. However, such development is also accompanied by an intense movement of the labor force. After opening the EU single market, a large number of foreign workers from the new member countries found the better paying jobs in the highly developed EU countries. The total volume of this financial compensation that was transferred into mother countries was more than USD 70 billion in 2017. A primary question for this situation is the role that these financial sources play in the economies of the mother countries. Have the transferred money contributed to economic growth or have they been materialized in the sphere of private household consumption? Our paper answers these questions in the case of the Visegrad (V4) countries. The scientific literature does not offer a unified position in this respect. The positive, neutral, and negative impacts on concerned economies are presented. In our view, the answers should be verified in the specific conditions of the beneficiary countries, taking into account all the statistically relevant factors. The primary source of our information is statistical data of international organizations, particularly of the United Nations (UN), the World Bank, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), the European Union, and the International Organization for Migration. As a tool for solution was applied the analysis of panel data.
This paper deals with analysis and presentation of the core findings under the EU SILC 2009 project. Particularly we are oriented on study of the socially vulnerable groups of population identified according their income situation. As a sorting criterion for this purpose we use the standard methodology set by OECD and Eurostat. It means the 60% of the national median equivalized disposable income is applied for this criterion as the poverty threshold. The national income variable is firstly calculated as a total income for each surveyed household and dived by the equivalized size of household. By this procedure the households of various structures are transformed onto generally accepted scale. The special attention of our study is oriented on the cluster of population living on income below the poverty threshold. For this population we calculate so called social deficit. Through this value we show the volume of financial means needed to upgrade the living standard of the population living bellow poverty threshold at least to the poverty threshold level. Special section of the paper is devoted to study of relation among the core macroeconomic indicators (GDP per capita and GDP annual growth) and level and size of the at-risk-of-poverty population during the period of last economic development, including both economic growth and economic recession. According our tentative findings we did not find the significant impact of economic growth on the status of socially vulnerable population. This finding however should be studied in broader context, with longer time series of relevant data and with broader set of explanatory variables.
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