This study demonstrates that linezolid has efficacy against XDR pulmonary TB patients, even in shorter duration of administration. The XDR TB patients infected with LZD-resistant isolates were more likely to obtain the adverse clinical outcome under the treatment of regimen containing LZD.

Research on multimorbidity of older adults in China is still at the early stage. For the community-dwelling older population, a cross-sectional community health survey in southern China showed that the average number of chronic conditions was 1.68 ±1.60, and the prevalence of multimorbidity was reported to be 45.5% (11). Meanwhile, a study from northeastern China reported that almost a quarter (24.7%) of older adults was found to be multimorbid for chronic diseases (12). In another study from Nanjing, the prevalence of multimorbidity was 49.4% in community-dwelling older adults in urban areas (13). A large cross-sectional survey among 162,464 community household residents in southern China reported that more than 1 in 10 of the total study population (11.1%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10.6 to 11.6) had 2 or more chronic conditions from a list of 40 morbidities (14). There are few studies of multimorbidity in hospitalized older adult patients in China. A survey of discharged patients in Hong Kong showed that 33.9% had 2 or more comorbid conditions (15). In China, which maintains a large population of older people with multimorbidity, most clinical guidelines nonetheless focus almost exclusively on single conditions (16), resulting in numerous hospital visits, polypharmacy, repeated

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