First-principles calculation discloses
local magnetism on the β-SiC (110) and (001) surfaces due to
nonmetallic dopants. The spontaneously polarized β-SiC (111)
surface without dopants also exhibits strong magnetism which can be
reduced significantly by dopant incorporation. The magnetic values
depend on the arrangement of superfluous p electrons and location
of dopants. If the dopants reach the third and seventh layers, the
dopant-induced magnetism on the (001) and (110) surfaces disappears
and the nonmagnetic bulk behavior is reverted. Our results suggest
that surface magnetism can be tailored by facet engineering and dopant
incorporation.
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