If you would like to write for this, or any other Emerald publication, then please use our Emerald for Authors service information about how to choose which publication to write for and submission guidelines are available for all. Please visit www.emeraldinsight.com/authors for more information. About Emerald www.emeraldinsight.comEmerald is a global publisher linking research and practice to the benefit of society. The company manages a portfolio of more than 290 journals and over 2,350 books and book series volumes, as well as providing an extensive range of online products and additional customer resources and services.Emerald is both COUNTER 4 and TRANSFER compliant. The organization is a partner of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and also works with Portico and the LOCKSS initiative for digital archive preservation. AbstractPurpose -The purpose of this paper is to introduce a step-by-step implementation framework for lean product development (LPD), from the marketing research on product development process, product design to the launch of final production. Design/methodology/approach -The research approach taken in this paper is built around the primary industry cases, practical approaches and partial solutions available within the existing literature. Findings -The most recent improvement of LPD, from the authors' perspective, focuses on tools and implementation for LPD. In this paper, a detailed step-by-step implementation is given after the framework is introduced. Led by value and waste analysis in product development, different tools and techniques which can be used to eliminate wastes were discussed briefly, and then the implementation from Doing the Right Thing to Doing the Right Thing for company transition to lean were proposed elaborately.Research limitations/implications -Due to time and economic environment limitations, the authors have not covered and implemented this approach in all existing different environments to ensure that it is robust. Originality/value -The approach described here seeks to overcome other frameworks' weaknesses in terms of the realistic aspect and feasibility, and combines more existing best practice from industry, consultancy and academia into a step-by-step framework for the achievement of effective LPD.
Since the early 1990s, the driver in our economy has been changing from production of material goods to product-service offers based on knowledge and information. More and more researchers, institutes, and programs paid attention to product service systems (PSS) in the last decade because PSS integrates tangible artifact and intangible service to achieve sustainable, improve enterprise competitiveness, and meet customer needs better. In order to respond to the industrial trend towards PSS and guide enterprises to develop PSS, this article aims to propose a framework of modular development for PSS. After a brief review on PSS development, six dimensions of modular product-service were introduced which are the basis of modular development. The process of modular development was proposed which are divided into three parts by order: functional, product, and service modularizations. Functional modularization realizes the planning of product-service family and the design of interface dimension and collaboration dimension. Product modularization realizes the product dimension and production dimension. Service modularization realizes the service dimension and process dimension. Finally, a case study on PSS development was proposed according to the method of modular development.
G82S polymorphism in the RAGE gene is associated with DR and G-A haplotype containing 1704G and 82S allele might be a genetic marker of DR in Chinese T2DM patients.
Quite a few investigations have been carried out on modularity in product development. However, the presence of various perspectives, representations, and different problems hamper a holistic comprehension of modular products development (MPD) or modularity. This article is developed to give a deeper understanding of MPD. An evolutionary history of modularity, consisting of five stages, is introduced. The relationships among the benefits of modularity, such as cost-reduction, diversity, and innovation ability are then discussed in detail along with their relationships to related research issues. The implementation aspect of MPD is explained in three tiers: central, mediate, and peripheral. It shows that former theories and methods can hardly meet the needs of MPD application in real practice, and that metrics and measurement cannot take into account the degree of modularity, and cost-reduction becomes unclear and more complex. Based on this, a new powerful approach with 15 convenient steps for MPD is presented and compared with former reported research results. Also, recommendations for future research have been suggested.
The disturbance observer (DOB)-based controller is widely used to estimate and suppress disturbance in motion control system. Because the low-pass filter (Q-filter) in DOB decides the performances of disturbance suppression, noise rejection, and robust stability against system uncertainties, design of Q-filter is the principal task in DOB construction. This paper presents a systematic scheme for Q-filter design based on H 1 norm optimization. Cost function for optimization is proposed by considering performance and relative order condition of the Q-filter. The norm minimization problem is then transformed to a standard H 1 control problem. Furthermore, the relationship between performance and frequency weighting functions is investigated based on which selection of weighting functions is presented. Simulation results validate the global optimality and systematicness of the proposed method. Recently, several methods for designing DOB with H 1 robust control technique have been reported [15][16][17]. It was shown that H 1 norms of sensitivity functions of the system with DOB can When ! 0, the solution of standard problem goes to real solution Q K .s; 0 C / D lim !0 C < 1:
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